Some two-weight and three-weight linear codes

Chengju Li; Sunghan Bae; Shudi Yang

doi:10.3934/amc.2019013

Article Contents

2019, Volume 13, Issue 1: 195-211. Doi: 10.3934/amc.2019013

This issue Previous Article On the security of the WOTS-PRF signature scheme Next Article

Some two-weight and three-weight linear codes

1.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
2.
Department of Mathematics, KAIST, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
3.
School of Mathematical Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Shandong 273165, China

* Corresponding author: Chengju Li
* Corresponding author: Chengju Li

Received: July 31, 2018

Published: December 2018

Chengju Li was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 11701179, the Shanghai Sailing Program under Grant 17YF1404300, and the Foundation of Science and Technology on Information Assurance Laboratory under Grant KJ-17-007.
Shudi Yang was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 11701317 and 11431015, China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project under Grant 2017M611801, and Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds under Grant 1701104C.

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Abstract

Let $\Bbb F_q$ be the finite field with $q = p^m$ elements, where $p$ is an odd prime and $m$ is a positive integer. For a positive integer $t$, let $D \subset \Bbb F_q^t$ and let $\mbox{Tr}_m$ be the trace function from $\Bbb F_q$ onto $\Bbb F_p$. We define a $p$-ary linear code $\mathcal C_D$ by

$ \mathcal C_D = \{\textbf{c}(a_1,a_2, ..., a_t): a_1, a_2, ..., a_t ∈ \Bbb F_{p^m}\}, $

where

$\textbf{c}(a_1,a_2, ..., a_t) = \big(\mbox{Tr}_m(a_1x_1+a_2x_2+···+a_tx_t)\big)_{(x_1,x_2, ..., x_t)∈ D}.$

In this paper, we will present the weight enumerators of the linear codes $\mathcal C_D$ in the following two cases:

1. $D = \{(x_1,x_2, ..., x_t) ∈ \Bbb F_q^t \setminus \{(0,0, ..., 0)\}: \mbox{Tr}_m(x_1^2+x_2^2+···+x_t^2) = 0\}$;

2. $D = \{(x_1,x_2, ..., x_t) ∈ \Bbb F_q^t: \mbox{Tr}_m(x_1^2+x_2^2+···+x_t^2) = 1\}$.

It is shown that $\mathcal C_D$ is a two-weight code if $tm$ is even and three-weight code if $tm$ is odd in both cases. The weight enumerators of $\mathcal C_D$ in the first case generalize the results in [17] and [18]. The complete weight enumerators of $\mathcal C_D$ are also investigated.

Keywords:

Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 94B05, 11T71; Secondary: 11T23.

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Table 1. Weight enumerators of Theorem 3.2 for odd $tm$

Weight	Frequency
0	1
$(p-1)p^{tm-2}$	$p^{tm-1}-1$
$(p-1)(p^{tm-2}-p^{\frac {tm-3} 2})$	$\frac {p-1} 2(p^{tm-1}+p^{\frac {tm-1} 2})$
$(p-1)(p^{tm-2}+p^{\frac {tm-3} 2})$	$\frac {p-1} 2(p^{tm-1}-p^{\frac {tm-1} 2})$

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Table 2. Weight enumerators of Theorem 3.2 for even $tm$

Weight	Frequency
0	1
$(p-1)p^{tm-2}$	$p^{tm-1}+(-1)^{(\frac {m(p-1)} 4+1)t}(p-1)p^{\frac {tm-2} 2}-1$
$(p-1)\big(p^{tm-2}+(-1)^{(\frac {m(p-1)} 4+1)t}p^{\frac {tm-2} 2}\big)$	$(p-1)\big(p^{tm-1}-(-1)^{(\frac {m(p-1)} 4+1)t}p^{\frac {tm-2} 2}\big)$

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Table 3. Weight enumerators of Theorem 4.1 for odd $tm$

Weight	Frequency
0	1
$(p-1)p^{tm-2}$	$p^{tm-1}-1$
$(p-1)p^{tm-2}+(-1)^{\frac {(p-1)(tm+3)} 4}p^{\frac {tm-1} 2}+p^{\frac {tm-3} 2}$	$\frac {p-1} 2(p^{tm-1}+p^{\frac {tm-1} 2})$
$(p-1)p^{tm-2}+(-1)^{\frac {(p-1)(tm+3)} 4}p^{\frac {tm-1} 2}-p^{\frac {tm-3} 2}$	$\frac {p-1} 2(p^{tm-1}-p^{\frac {tm-1} 2})$

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Table 4. Weight enumerators of Theorem 4.1 for even $tm$

$2 \nmid \big(\frac {m(p-1)} 4+1\big)t$
Weight	Frequency
0	1
$(p-1)p^{tm-2}$	$\frac {p+1} 2p^{tm-1}-\frac {p-1} 2 p^{\frac {tm-2} 2}-1$
$(p-1)p^{tm-2}+2p^{\frac {tm-2} 2}$	$\frac {p-1} 2\big(p^{tm-1}+p^{\frac {tm-2} 2}\big)$

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Table 5. Weight enumerators of Theorem 4.1 for even $tm$

$2 \mid \big(\frac {m(p-1)} 4+1\big)t$
Weight	Frequency
0	1
$(p-1)p^{tm-2}$	$\frac {p+1} 2p^{tm-1}+\frac {p-1} 2 p^{\frac {tm-2} 2}-1$
$(p-1)p^{tm-2}-2p^{\frac {tm-2} 2}$	$\frac {p-1} 2\big(p^{tm-1}-p^{\frac {tm-2} 2}\big)$

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Table 6. Complete weight enumerators of Theorem 5.1 for odd $tm$

$N_0=n-\sum_{\rho \in \Bbb F_p^*}N_\rho$
$N_\rho (\rho \in \Bbb F_p^*)$	Frequency
0	1
$p^{tm-2}$	$p^{tm-1}-1$
$p^{tm-2}-p^{\frac {tm-3} 2}$	$\frac {p-1} 2(p^{tm-1}+p^{\frac {tm-1} 2})$
$p^{tm-2}+p^{\frac {tm-3} 2}$	$\frac {p-1} 2(p^{tm-1}-p^{\frac {tm-1} 2})$

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Table 7. Complete weight enumerators of Theorem 5.1 for even $tm$

$N_0=n-\sum_{\rho \in \Bbb F_p^*}N_\rho$
$N_\rho (\rho \in \Bbb F_p^*)$	Frequency
0	1
$p^{tm-2}$	$p^{tm-1}+(-1)^{(\frac {m(p-1)} 4+1)t}(p-1)p^{\frac {tm-2} 2}-1$
$p^{tm-2}+(-1)^{(\frac {m(p-1)} 4+1)t}p^{\frac {tm-2} 2}$	$(p-1)\big(p^{tm-1}-(-1)^{(\frac {m(p-1)} 4+1)t}p^{\frac {tm-2} 2}\big)$

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