An elliptic system and the critical hyperbola

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May 2015, 14(3): 1169-1182. doi: 10.3934/cpaa.2015.14.1169

An elliptic system and the critical hyperbola

Lucas C. F. Ferreira ^1, , Everaldo Medeiros ^2, and Marcelo Montenegro ^3,

1.	Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, CEP 13083-970
2.	Universidade Federal da Paríba, Departamento de Matemática, João Pessoa-PB, CEP 58051-900, Brazil
3.	Universidade Estadual de Campinas, IMECC, Departamento de Matemática, Caixa Postal 6065, CEP 13083-970, Campinas, SP

Received June 2014 Revised November 2014 Published March 2015

Abstract
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We consider a nonlinear elliptic system of Lane-Emden type in the whole space $\mathbb{R}^{n}$, namely \begin{eqnarray} \Delta u+v| v| ^{p-1}=0, \quad x\in\mathbb{R}^{n},\\ \Delta v+u| u| ^{q-1}+f=0, \quad x\in\mathbb{R}^{n}. \end{eqnarray} Our region for $(p,q)$ covers in particular the critical and supercritical cases with respect to the critical hyperbola $\frac{1}{p+1}+\frac{1} {q+1}=\frac{n-2}{n}.$ We prove existence of solutions for $f\in L^d (\mathbb{R}^n)$, by means of a fixed point technique in the Lebesgue space $L^{r_1}\times L^{r_2}$. Our results allow unbounded solutions without $H^{s}$-regularity. The solutions are shown to be classical and positive when $f$ is smooth enough and positive. Moreover, if $f$ is radial or odd (or even), we prove that the solutions preserve these properties. Also, it is shown that the solutions $(u,v)$ are nonradial when $f$ is nonradial.

Keywords: existence of solutions, Elliptic system, symmetry, critical hyperbola, $L^p$-spaces..

Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 35J47, 35J60, 35A05, 35B33, 35B06, 35C15, 35B6.

Citation: Lucas C. F. Ferreira, Everaldo Medeiros, Marcelo Montenegro. An elliptic system and the critical hyperbola. Communications on Pure and Applied Analysis, 2015, 14 (3) : 1169-1182. doi: 10.3934/cpaa.2015.14.1169

References:

[1]	G. Bernard, An inhomogeneous semilinear equation in entire space, J. Differential Equations, 125 (1996), 184-214. doi: 10.1006/jdeq.1996.0029.
[2]	J. Busca and R. Manásevich, A Liouville type theorem for Lane Emden systems, Indiana Univ. Math. J., 51 (2002), 37-51.
[3]	G. Caristi, L. D'Ambrosio and E. Mitidieri, Liouville theorems for some nonlinear inequalities, Tr. Mat. Inst. Steklova 260 (2008), Teor. Funkts. i Nelinein. Uravn. v Chastn. Proizvodn., 97-118; translation in Proc. Steklov Inst. Math. 260 (2008), 90-111. doi: 10.1134/S0081543808010070.
[4]	W. Chen and C. Li, An integral system and the Lane-Emden conjecture, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst., 24 (2009), 1167-1184. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2009.24.1167.
[5]	Ph. Clément, D. G. de Figueiredo and E. Mitidieri, Positive solutions of semilinear elliptic systems, Comm. Partial Differential Equations, 17 (1992), 923-940. doi: 10.1080/03605309208820869.
[6]	Q. Dai, Entire positive solutions for inhomogeneous semilinear elliptic systems, Glasg. Math. J., 47 (2005), 97-114. doi: 10.1017/S0017089504002101.
[7]	D. G. de Figueiredo and P. L. Felmer, A Liouville-type theorem for elliptic systems, Ann. Scuola Norm. Sup. Pisa Cl. Sci., 21 (1994), 387-397.
[8]	B. Gidas and J. Spruck, A priori bounds for positive solutions of nonlinear elliptic equations, Comm. Partial Differential Equations, 6 (1981), 883-901. doi: 10.1080/03605308108820196.
[9]	L. Grafakos, Classical and Modern Fourier Analysis, Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2004.
[10]	C. Jin and C. Li, Quantitative analysis of some system of integral equations, Cal. Var. PDEs, 26 (2006), 447-457. doi: 10.1007/s00526-006-0013-5.
[11]	L. Ma and B. Liu, Symmetry results for decay solutions of elliptic systems in the whole space, Adv. Math., 225 (2010), 3052-3063. doi: 10.1016/j.aim.2010.05.022.
[12]	E. Mitidieri, A Rellich type identity and applications, Commun. Partial Differential Equations, 18 (1993), 125-151. doi: 10.1080/03605309308820923.
[13]	E. Mitidieri, Nonexistence of positive solutions of semilinear elliptic systems in $\mathbb{R}^{N}$, Differential Integral Equations, 9 (1996), 465-479.
[14]	S. I. Pokhozhaev, Elliptic problems in $\mathbf{\mathbbR}^N$ with a supercritical exponent of nonlinearity, Mat. Sb., 182 (1991), 467-489.
[15]	P. Poláčik, P. Quittner and Ph. Souplet, Singularity and decay estimates in superlinear problems via Liouville-type theorems. I. Elliptic equations and systems, Duke Math. J., 139 (2007), 555-579. doi: 10.1215/S0012-7094-07-13935-8.
[16]	P. Quittner and Ph. Souplet, A priori estimates and existence for elliptic systems via bootstrap in weighted Lebesgue spaces, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal., 174 (2004), 49-81. doi: 10.1007/s00205-004-0323-8.
[17]	J. Serrin and H. Zou, Existence of positive solutions of the Lane-Emden system, Dedicated to Prof. C. Vinti (Italian) (Perugia, 1996). Atti Sem. Mat. Fis. Univ. Modena, 46 (1998), suppl., 369-380.
[18]	J. Serrin and H. Zou, Non-existence of positive solutions of Lane-Emden systems, Differential Integral Equations, 9 (1996), 635-653.
[19]	P. Souplet, The proof of the Lane-Emden conjecture in four space dimensions, Adv. Math., 221 (2009), 1409-1427. doi: 10.1016/j.aim.2009.02.014.
[20]	M. A. S. Souto, A priori estimates and existence of positive solutions of nonlinear cooperative elliptic systems, Differential Integral Equations, 8 (1995), 1245-1258.
[21]	R. Van Der Vorst, Variational identities and applications to differential systems, Arch. Rational Mech. Anal., 116 (1991), 375-398. doi: 10.1007/BF00375674.
[22]	H. Zou, Symmetry of ground states for a semilinear elliptic system, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 352 (2000), 1217-1245. doi: 10.1090/S0002-9947-99-02526-X.
[23]	H. Zou, Symmetry of positive solutions of $\Delta u+u^p=0$ in $\mathbf{\mathbbR}^n$, J. Differential Equations, 120 (1995), 46-88. doi: 10.1006/jdeq.1995.1105.

show all references

References:

[1]	G. Bernard, An inhomogeneous semilinear equation in entire space, J. Differential Equations, 125 (1996), 184-214. doi: 10.1006/jdeq.1996.0029.
[2]	J. Busca and R. Manásevich, A Liouville type theorem for Lane Emden systems, Indiana Univ. Math. J., 51 (2002), 37-51.
[3]	G. Caristi, L. D'Ambrosio and E. Mitidieri, Liouville theorems for some nonlinear inequalities, Tr. Mat. Inst. Steklova 260 (2008), Teor. Funkts. i Nelinein. Uravn. v Chastn. Proizvodn., 97-118; translation in Proc. Steklov Inst. Math. 260 (2008), 90-111. doi: 10.1134/S0081543808010070.
[4]	W. Chen and C. Li, An integral system and the Lane-Emden conjecture, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst., 24 (2009), 1167-1184. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2009.24.1167.
[5]	Ph. Clément, D. G. de Figueiredo and E. Mitidieri, Positive solutions of semilinear elliptic systems, Comm. Partial Differential Equations, 17 (1992), 923-940. doi: 10.1080/03605309208820869.
[6]	Q. Dai, Entire positive solutions for inhomogeneous semilinear elliptic systems, Glasg. Math. J., 47 (2005), 97-114. doi: 10.1017/S0017089504002101.
[7]	D. G. de Figueiredo and P. L. Felmer, A Liouville-type theorem for elliptic systems, Ann. Scuola Norm. Sup. Pisa Cl. Sci., 21 (1994), 387-397.
[8]	B. Gidas and J. Spruck, A priori bounds for positive solutions of nonlinear elliptic equations, Comm. Partial Differential Equations, 6 (1981), 883-901. doi: 10.1080/03605308108820196.
[9]	L. Grafakos, Classical and Modern Fourier Analysis, Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2004.
[10]	C. Jin and C. Li, Quantitative analysis of some system of integral equations, Cal. Var. PDEs, 26 (2006), 447-457. doi: 10.1007/s00526-006-0013-5.
[11]	L. Ma and B. Liu, Symmetry results for decay solutions of elliptic systems in the whole space, Adv. Math., 225 (2010), 3052-3063. doi: 10.1016/j.aim.2010.05.022.
[12]	E. Mitidieri, A Rellich type identity and applications, Commun. Partial Differential Equations, 18 (1993), 125-151. doi: 10.1080/03605309308820923.
[13]	E. Mitidieri, Nonexistence of positive solutions of semilinear elliptic systems in $\mathbb{R}^{N}$, Differential Integral Equations, 9 (1996), 465-479.
[14]	S. I. Pokhozhaev, Elliptic problems in $\mathbf{\mathbbR}^N$ with a supercritical exponent of nonlinearity, Mat. Sb., 182 (1991), 467-489.
[15]	P. Poláčik, P. Quittner and Ph. Souplet, Singularity and decay estimates in superlinear problems via Liouville-type theorems. I. Elliptic equations and systems, Duke Math. J., 139 (2007), 555-579. doi: 10.1215/S0012-7094-07-13935-8.
[16]	P. Quittner and Ph. Souplet, A priori estimates and existence for elliptic systems via bootstrap in weighted Lebesgue spaces, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal., 174 (2004), 49-81. doi: 10.1007/s00205-004-0323-8.
[17]	J. Serrin and H. Zou, Existence of positive solutions of the Lane-Emden system, Dedicated to Prof. C. Vinti (Italian) (Perugia, 1996). Atti Sem. Mat. Fis. Univ. Modena, 46 (1998), suppl., 369-380.
[18]	J. Serrin and H. Zou, Non-existence of positive solutions of Lane-Emden systems, Differential Integral Equations, 9 (1996), 635-653.
[19]	P. Souplet, The proof of the Lane-Emden conjecture in four space dimensions, Adv. Math., 221 (2009), 1409-1427. doi: 10.1016/j.aim.2009.02.014.
[20]	M. A. S. Souto, A priori estimates and existence of positive solutions of nonlinear cooperative elliptic systems, Differential Integral Equations, 8 (1995), 1245-1258.
[21]	R. Van Der Vorst, Variational identities and applications to differential systems, Arch. Rational Mech. Anal., 116 (1991), 375-398. doi: 10.1007/BF00375674.
[22]	H. Zou, Symmetry of ground states for a semilinear elliptic system, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 352 (2000), 1217-1245. doi: 10.1090/S0002-9947-99-02526-X.
[23]	H. Zou, Symmetry of positive solutions of $\Delta u+u^p=0$ in $\mathbf{\mathbbR}^n$, J. Differential Equations, 120 (1995), 46-88. doi: 10.1006/jdeq.1995.1105.

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