Entire and ancient solutions of a supercritical semilinear heat equation

Peter Poláčik; Pavol Quittner

doi:10.3934/dcds.2020136

Article Contents

2021, Volume 41, Issue 1: 413-438. Doi: 10.3934/dcds.2020136

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Entire and ancient solutions of a supercritical semilinear heat equation

Peter Poláčik^1, , and
Pavol Quittner^2,

1.
School of Mathematics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
2.
Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, 84248 Bratislava, Slovakia

^* Corresponding author
^* Corresponding author

Received: June 30, 2019

Early access: February 2020

Published: January 2021

The first author is supported in part by NSF grant DMS-1856491. The second author is supported in part by VEGA Grant 1/0347/18 and by the Slovak Research and Development Agency under the contracts No. APVV-14-0378 and APVV-18-0308

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Abstract

We consider the semilinear heat equation $ u_t = \Delta u+u^p $ on $ {\mathbb R}^N $. Assuming that $ N\ge 3 $ and $ p $ is greater than the Sobolev critical exponent $ (N+2)/(N-2) $, we examine entire solutions (classical solutions defined for all $ t\in {\mathbb R} $) and ancient solutions (classical solutions defined on $ (-\infty,T) $ for some $ T<\infty $). We prove a new Liouville-type theorem saying that if $ p $ is greater than the Lepin exponent $ p_L: = 1+6/(N-10) $ ($ p_L = \infty $ if $ N\le 10 $), then all positive bounded radial entire solutions are steady states. The theorem is not valid without the assumption of radial symmetry; in other ranges of supercritical $ p $ it is known not to be valid even in the class of radial solutions. Our other results include classification theorems for nonstationary entire solutions (when they exist) and ancient solutions, as well as some applications in the theory of blowup of solutions.

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Mathematics Subject Classification: 35K58, 35B08, 35B44, 35B05, 35B53.

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