W^{1, p} estimates for elliptic problems with drift terms in Lipschitz domains

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February 2022, 42(2): 537-553. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2021127

$ W^{1, p} $ estimates for elliptic problems with drift terms in Lipschitz domains

School of Mathematics and Statistics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received April 2021 Revised July 2021 Published February 2022 Early access September 2021

Fund Project: This work was supported in part by the NNSF of China (No. 11971212)

In this paper, we establish the $ W^{1,p} $ estimates for solutions of second order elliptic problems with drift terms in bounded Lipschitz domains by using a real variable method. For scalar equations, we prove that the $ W^{1,p} $ estimates hold for $ \frac{3}{2}-\varepsilon<p<3+\varepsilon $ for $ d\geq3 $, and the range for $ p $ is sharp. For elliptic systems, we prove that the $ W^{1,p} $ estimates hold for $ \frac{2d}{d+1}-\varepsilon<p<\frac{2d}{d-1}+\varepsilon $ under the assumption that the Lipschitz constant of the domain is small.

Keywords: $ W^{1, p} $ estimates, elliptic systems, drift terms, real variable method, Lipschitz domains.

Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 35J25, 35J57; Secondary: 35B45.

Citation: Bojing Shi. $ W^{1, p} $ estimates for elliptic problems with drift terms in Lipschitz domains. Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems, 2022, 42 (2) : 537-553. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2021127

References:

[1]	P. Auscher and M. Qafsaoui, Observations on $W^{1, p}$ estimates for divergence elliptic equations with VMO coefficients, Boll. Unione Mat. Ital. Sez. B Artic. Ric. Mat. (8), 5 (2002), 487-509.
[2]	L. A. Caffarelli and I. Peral, On $W^{1, p}$ estimates for elliptic equations in divergence form, Comm. Pure Appl. Math., 51 (1998), 1-21. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0312(199801)51:1<1::AID-CPA1>3.0.CO;2-G.
[3]	B. Dahlberg and C. Kenig, Hardy spaces and the Neumann problem in $L^p$ for Laplace's equation in Lipschitz domains, Ann. of Math. (2), 125 (1987), 437-465. doi: 10.2307/1971407.
[4]	G. Di Fazio, $L^p$ estimates for divergence form elliptic equations with discontinuous coefficients, Boll. Un. Mat. Ital. A (7), 10 (1996), 409-420.
[5]	M. Dindoš, The $L^p$ Dirichlet and regularity problems for second order elliptic systems with application to the Lamé system, preprint, arXiv: 2006.13015.
[6]	M. Dindoš, S. Hwang and M. Mitrea, The $L^p$ Dirichlet boundary problem for second order elliptic systems with rough coefficients, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 374 (2021), 3659-3701. doi: 10.1090/tran/8306.
[7]	J. Geng, $W^{1, p}$ estimates for elliptic problems with Neumann boundary conditions in Lipschitz domains, Adv. Math., 229 (2012), 2427-2448. doi: 10.1016/j.aim.2012.01.004.
[8]	J. Geng, Homogenization of elliptic problems with Neumann boundary conditions in non-smooth domains, Acta Math. Sin. (Engl. Ser.), 34 (2018), 612-628. doi: 10.1007/s10114-017-7229-5.
[9]	J. Geng, Z. Shen and L. Song, Uniform $W^{1, p}$ estimates for systems of linear elasticity in a periodic medium, J. Funct. Anal., 262 (2012), 1742-1758. doi: 10.1016/j.jfa.2011.11.023.
[10]	M. Giaquinta, Multiple Integrals in the Calculus of Variations and Nonlinear Elliptic Systems, Annals of Mathematics Studies, 105. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1983.
[11]	D. Jerison and C. Kenig, The inhomogeneous Dirichlet problem in Lipschitz domains, J. Funct. Anal., 130 (1995), 161-219. doi: 10.1006/jfan.1995.1067.
[12]	C. Kenig and J. Pipher, The Dirichlet problem for elliptic equations with drift terms, Publ. Mat., 45 (2001), 199-217. doi: 10.5565/PUBLMAT_45101_09.
[13]	S. Kim and G. Sakellaris, Green's function for second order elliptic equations with singular lower order coefficients, Comm. Partial Differential Equations, 44 (2019), 228-270. doi: 10.1080/03605302.2018.1543318.
[14]	M. Kontovourkis, On Elliptic Equations with Low-Regularity Divergence-Free Drift Terms and the Steady-State Navier-Stokes Equations in Higher Dimensions, Ph. D thesis, University of Minnesota, 2007.
[15]	F. Lin, On current developments in partial differential equations, Commun. Math. Res., 36 (2020), 1-30. doi: 10.4208/cmr.2020-0004.
[16]	G. Sakellaris, Boundary Value Problems in Lipschitz Domains for Equations with Drifts, Ph. D thesis, The University of Chicago, 2017.
[17]	G. Sakellaris, Boundary value problems in Lipschitz domains for equations with lower order coefficients, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 372 (2019), 5947-5989. doi: 10.1090/tran/7895.
[18]	Z. Shen, Bounds of Riesz transforms on $L^p$ spaces for second order elliptic operators, Ann. Inst. Fourier (Grenoble), 55 (2005), 173-197. doi: 10.5802/aif.2094.
[19]	Z. Shen, The $L^p$ Dirichlet problem for elliptic systems on Lipschitz domains, Math. Res. Lett., 13 (2006), 143-159. doi: 10.4310/MRL.2006.v13.n1.a11.
[20]	Z. Shen, The $L^p$ boundary value problems on Lipschitz domains, Adv. Math., 216 (2007), 212-254. doi: 10.1016/j.aim.2007.05.017.
[21]	Z. Shen, Periodic Homogenization of Elliptic Systems, Operator Theory: Advances and Applications, 269. Advances in Partial Differential Equations (Basel). Birkhäuser/Springer, Cham, 2018. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-91214-1.
[22]	G. Stampacchia, Le problème de Dirichlet pour les équations elliptiques du second ordre à coefficients discontinus, Ann. Inst. Fourier (Grenoble), 15 (1965), 189-258. doi: 10.5802/aif.204.
[23]	Q. Xu, Uniform regularity estimates in homogenization theory of elliptic system with lower order terms, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 438 (2016), 1066-1107. doi: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2016.02.011.
[24]	Q. Xu, Uniform regularity estimates in homogenization theory of elliptic systems with lower order terms on the Neumann boundary problem, J. Differential Equations, 261 (2016), 4368-4423. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2016.06.027.
[25]	Q. Xu, P. Zhao and S. Zhou, The methods of layer potentials for general elliptic homogenization problems in Lipschitz domains, preprint, arXiv: 1801.09220.

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References:

[1]	P. Auscher and M. Qafsaoui, Observations on $W^{1, p}$ estimates for divergence elliptic equations with VMO coefficients, Boll. Unione Mat. Ital. Sez. B Artic. Ric. Mat. (8), 5 (2002), 487-509.
[2]	L. A. Caffarelli and I. Peral, On $W^{1, p}$ estimates for elliptic equations in divergence form, Comm. Pure Appl. Math., 51 (1998), 1-21. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0312(199801)51:1<1::AID-CPA1>3.0.CO;2-G.
[3]	B. Dahlberg and C. Kenig, Hardy spaces and the Neumann problem in $L^p$ for Laplace's equation in Lipschitz domains, Ann. of Math. (2), 125 (1987), 437-465. doi: 10.2307/1971407.
[4]	G. Di Fazio, $L^p$ estimates for divergence form elliptic equations with discontinuous coefficients, Boll. Un. Mat. Ital. A (7), 10 (1996), 409-420.
[5]	M. Dindoš, The $L^p$ Dirichlet and regularity problems for second order elliptic systems with application to the Lamé system, preprint, arXiv: 2006.13015.
[6]	M. Dindoš, S. Hwang and M. Mitrea, The $L^p$ Dirichlet boundary problem for second order elliptic systems with rough coefficients, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 374 (2021), 3659-3701. doi: 10.1090/tran/8306.
[7]	J. Geng, $W^{1, p}$ estimates for elliptic problems with Neumann boundary conditions in Lipschitz domains, Adv. Math., 229 (2012), 2427-2448. doi: 10.1016/j.aim.2012.01.004.
[8]	J. Geng, Homogenization of elliptic problems with Neumann boundary conditions in non-smooth domains, Acta Math. Sin. (Engl. Ser.), 34 (2018), 612-628. doi: 10.1007/s10114-017-7229-5.
[9]	J. Geng, Z. Shen and L. Song, Uniform $W^{1, p}$ estimates for systems of linear elasticity in a periodic medium, J. Funct. Anal., 262 (2012), 1742-1758. doi: 10.1016/j.jfa.2011.11.023.
[10]	M. Giaquinta, Multiple Integrals in the Calculus of Variations and Nonlinear Elliptic Systems, Annals of Mathematics Studies, 105. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1983.
[11]	D. Jerison and C. Kenig, The inhomogeneous Dirichlet problem in Lipschitz domains, J. Funct. Anal., 130 (1995), 161-219. doi: 10.1006/jfan.1995.1067.
[12]	C. Kenig and J. Pipher, The Dirichlet problem for elliptic equations with drift terms, Publ. Mat., 45 (2001), 199-217. doi: 10.5565/PUBLMAT_45101_09.
[13]	S. Kim and G. Sakellaris, Green's function for second order elliptic equations with singular lower order coefficients, Comm. Partial Differential Equations, 44 (2019), 228-270. doi: 10.1080/03605302.2018.1543318.
[14]	M. Kontovourkis, On Elliptic Equations with Low-Regularity Divergence-Free Drift Terms and the Steady-State Navier-Stokes Equations in Higher Dimensions, Ph. D thesis, University of Minnesota, 2007.
[15]	F. Lin, On current developments in partial differential equations, Commun. Math. Res., 36 (2020), 1-30. doi: 10.4208/cmr.2020-0004.
[16]	G. Sakellaris, Boundary Value Problems in Lipschitz Domains for Equations with Drifts, Ph. D thesis, The University of Chicago, 2017.
[17]	G. Sakellaris, Boundary value problems in Lipschitz domains for equations with lower order coefficients, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 372 (2019), 5947-5989. doi: 10.1090/tran/7895.
[18]	Z. Shen, Bounds of Riesz transforms on $L^p$ spaces for second order elliptic operators, Ann. Inst. Fourier (Grenoble), 55 (2005), 173-197. doi: 10.5802/aif.2094.
[19]	Z. Shen, The $L^p$ Dirichlet problem for elliptic systems on Lipschitz domains, Math. Res. Lett., 13 (2006), 143-159. doi: 10.4310/MRL.2006.v13.n1.a11.
[20]	Z. Shen, The $L^p$ boundary value problems on Lipschitz domains, Adv. Math., 216 (2007), 212-254. doi: 10.1016/j.aim.2007.05.017.
[21]	Z. Shen, Periodic Homogenization of Elliptic Systems, Operator Theory: Advances and Applications, 269. Advances in Partial Differential Equations (Basel). Birkhäuser/Springer, Cham, 2018. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-91214-1.
[22]	G. Stampacchia, Le problème de Dirichlet pour les équations elliptiques du second ordre à coefficients discontinus, Ann. Inst. Fourier (Grenoble), 15 (1965), 189-258. doi: 10.5802/aif.204.
[23]	Q. Xu, Uniform regularity estimates in homogenization theory of elliptic system with lower order terms, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 438 (2016), 1066-1107. doi: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2016.02.011.
[24]	Q. Xu, Uniform regularity estimates in homogenization theory of elliptic systems with lower order terms on the Neumann boundary problem, J. Differential Equations, 261 (2016), 4368-4423. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2016.06.027.
[25]	Q. Xu, P. Zhao and S. Zhou, The methods of layer potentials for general elliptic homogenization problems in Lipschitz domains, preprint, arXiv: 1801.09220.

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