# American Institute of Mathematical Sciences

January  2020, 25(1): 443-472. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2019189

## A hybrid model of collective motion of discrete particles under alignment and continuum chemotaxis

 1 Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo "M. Picone", – Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via dei Taurini 19 00185 Rome, Italy 2 Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Àlvaro del Portillo 00128 Rome, Italy 3 Dipartimento di Matematica e Applicazioni "R. Caccioppoli", Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico Ⅱ", Via Cintia 80126 Naples, Italy 4 Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo "M. Picone", – Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Pietro Castellino 111 80131 Naples, Italy

Received  August 2018 Revised  March 2019 Published  September 2019

In this paper we propose and study a hybrid discrete–continuous mathematical model of collective motion under alignment and chemotaxis effect. Starting from paper [23], in which the Cucker-Smale model [22] was coupled with other cell mechanisms, to describe the cell migration and self-organization in the zebrafish lateral line primordium, we introduce a simplified model in which the coupling between an alignment and chemotaxis mechanism acts on a system of interacting particles. In particular we rely on a hybrid description in which the agents are discrete entities, while the chemoattractant is considered as a continuous signal. The proposed model is then studied both from an analytical and a numerical point of view. From the analytic point of view we prove, globally in time, existence and uniqueness of the solution. Then, the asymptotic behaviour of a linearised version of the system is investigated. Through a suitable Lyapunov functional we show that for t → +∞, the migrating aggregate exponentially converges to a state in which all the particles have a same position with zero velocity. Finally, we present a comparison between the analytical findings and some numerical results, concerning the behaviour of the full nonlinear system.

Citation: Ezio Di Costanzo, Marta Menci, Eleonora Messina, Roberto Natalini, Antonia Vecchio. A hybrid model of collective motion of discrete particles under alignment and continuum chemotaxis. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2020, 25 (1) : 443-472. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2019189
##### References:

show all references

##### References:
$R_A:$ vanishing region for $\tilde a$ and $\tilde b$ defined in (80), bounded by the curves $\tilde y = \sqrt{\tilde x^2+2\frac{\alpha}{p}},$ $\tilde y = \frac{\alpha}{2p\tilde x}$ and $\tilde y = \tilde x$
Numerical test. Simulation with parameters $\sigma = 0.5$, $\beta = 5$, $\gamma = 2\times 10^2$, $D = 2\times 10^2$, $\xi = 0.5$, $V_{0, \max} = 3$, and $\mathbf{X}_{0}$ randomly taken in the red square shown in the top panel (Section 6.2)
Numerical test. Functions $Fl_{X}(t)$, $Fl_{V}(t)$ and $\left\|\mathbf{V}_{\text{CM}}(t)\right\|$ versus time (x-axis shows only a part of the time domain), as defined in Section 6.2
 [1] Yu-Jhe Huang, Zhong-Fu Huang, Jonq Juang, Yu-Hao Liang. Flocking of non-identical Cucker-Smale models on general coupling network. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2021, 26 (2) : 1111-1127. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2020155 [2] Ran Zhang, Shengqiang Liu. On the asymptotic behaviour of traveling wave solution for a discrete diffusive epidemic model. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2021, 26 (2) : 1197-1204. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2020159 [3] Mohammad Ghani, Jingyu Li, Kaijun Zhang. Asymptotic stability of traveling fronts to a chemotaxis model with nonlinear diffusion. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2021  doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2021017 [4] Thabet Abdeljawad, Mohammad Esmael Samei. Applying quantum calculus for the existence of solution of $q$-integro-differential equations with three criteria. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - S, 2020  doi: 10.3934/dcdss.2020440 [5] Yukihiko Nakata. Existence of a period two solution of a delay differential equation. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - S, 2021, 14 (3) : 1103-1110. doi: 10.3934/dcdss.2020392 [6] Pan Zheng. Asymptotic stability in a chemotaxis-competition system with indirect signal production. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 2021, 41 (3) : 1207-1223. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2020315 [7] Christian Beck, Lukas Gonon, Martin Hutzenthaler, Arnulf Jentzen. On existence and uniqueness properties for solutions of stochastic fixed point equations. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2020  doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2020320 [8] Tuoc Phan, Grozdena Todorova, Borislav Yordanov. Existence uniqueness and regularity theory for elliptic equations with complex-valued potentials. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 2021, 41 (3) : 1071-1099. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2020310 [9] Yichen Zhang, Meiqiang Feng. A coupled $p$-Laplacian elliptic system: Existence, uniqueness and asymptotic behavior. Electronic Research Archive, 2020, 28 (4) : 1419-1438. doi: 10.3934/era.2020075 [10] Hai-Feng Huo, Shi-Ke Hu, Hong Xiang. Traveling wave solution for a diffusion SEIR epidemic model with self-protection and treatment. Electronic Research Archive, , () : -. doi: 10.3934/era.2020118 [11] John Mallet-Paret, Roger D. Nussbaum. Asymptotic homogenization for delay-differential equations and a question of analyticity. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 2020, 40 (6) : 3789-3812. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2020044 [12] Scipio Cuccagna, Masaya Maeda. A survey on asymptotic stability of ground states of nonlinear Schrödinger equations II. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - S, 2020  doi: 10.3934/dcdss.2020450 [13] Andrew Comech, Scipio Cuccagna. On asymptotic stability of ground states of some systems of nonlinear Schrödinger equations. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 2021, 41 (3) : 1225-1270. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2020316 [14] Rim Bourguiba, Rosana Rodríguez-López. Existence results for fractional differential equations in presence of upper and lower solutions. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2021, 26 (3) : 1723-1747. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2020180 [15] Daniele Bartolucci, Changfeng Gui, Yeyao Hu, Aleks Jevnikar, Wen Yang. Mean field equations on tori: Existence and uniqueness of evenly symmetric blow-up solutions. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 2020, 40 (6) : 3093-3116. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2020039 [16] Neng Zhu, Zhengrong Liu, Fang Wang, Kun Zhao. Asymptotic dynamics of a system of conservation laws from chemotaxis. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 2021, 41 (2) : 813-847. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2020301 [17] Zhilei Liang, Jiangyu Shuai. Existence of strong solution for the Cauchy problem of fully compressible Navier-Stokes equations in two dimensions. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2020  doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2020348 [18] Mugen Huang, Moxun Tang, Jianshe Yu, Bo Zheng. A stage structured model of delay differential equations for Aedes mosquito population suppression. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 2020, 40 (6) : 3467-3484. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2020042 [19] Hui Zhao, Zhengrong Liu, Yiren Chen. Global dynamics of a chemotaxis model with signal-dependent diffusion and sensitivity. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2020  doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2021011 [20] Xing Wu, Keqin Su. Global existence and optimal decay rate of solutions to hyperbolic chemotaxis system in Besov spaces. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2020  doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2021002

2019 Impact Factor: 1.27