# American Institute of Mathematical Sciences

August & September  2019, 12(4&5): 735-746. doi: 10.3934/dcdss.2019048

## A SIR-based model for contact-based messaging applications supported by permanent infrastructure

 1 Instituto Universitario de Matemática Pura y Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain 2 Departamento de Informática de Sistemas y Computadores, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain 3 Institut Universitari de Matemàtiques i Aplicacions de Castelló (IMAC), Escuela Superior de Tecnología y Ciencias Experimentales, Universitat Jaume I, Spain

* Corresponding author: J. Alberto Conejero

Received  November 2017 Revised  January 2018 Published  November 2018

In this paper we focus on the study of coupled systems of ordinary differential equations (ODE's) describing the diffusion of messages between mobile devices. Communications in mobile opportunistic networks take place upon the establishment of ephemeral contacts among mobile nodes using direct communication. SIR (Sane, Infected, Recovered) models permit to represent the diffusion of messages using an epidemiological based approach.

The question we analyse in this work is whether the coexistence of a fixed infrastructure can improve the diffusion of messages and thus justify the additional costs. We analyse this case from the point of view of dynamical systems, finding and characterising the admissible equilibrium of this scenario. We show that a centralised diffusion is not efficient when people density reaches a sufficient value.

This result supports the interest in developing opportunistic networks for occasionally crowded places to avoid the cost of additional infrastructure.

Citation: J. Alberto Conejero, Enrique Hernández-Orallo, Pietro Manzoni, Marina Murillo-Arcila. A SIR-based model for contact-based messaging applications supported by permanent infrastructure. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - S, 2019, 12 (4&5) : 735-746. doi: 10.3934/dcdss.2019048
##### References:

show all references

##### References:
Evolution of the infected nodes for different values of β and δ: a) β = δ = 0; b) β = 1, δ = 0; c) β = δ = 1; d) β = 0, δ = 1
Evolution of the infected nodes in the open model with fixed nodes. In all cases β = δ = 1. a) ρ = 0:5; b) ρ = 1; c) ρ = 2; d) ρ = 4;
Message coverage depending on people density and renewal percentages. a) contact-based only diffusion; b) contactbased and fixed nodes diffusion for ρ = 1.
Delivery time depending on the people density and with different renewal rates. The label with FN, refers to diffusion with Fixed-nodes. a) Delivery time to 95% of the nodes; b) Delivery time to 75% of nodes.
 [1] Samir Adly, Oanh Chau, Mohamed Rochdi. Solvability of a class of thermal dynamical contact problems with subdifferential conditions. Numerical Algebra, Control & Optimization, 2012, 2 (1) : 91-104. doi: 10.3934/naco.2012.2.91 [2] Khosro Sayevand, Valeyollah Moradi. A robust computational framework for analyzing fractional dynamical systems. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - S, 2021  doi: 10.3934/dcdss.2021022 [3] Xinyuan Liao, Caidi Zhao, Shengfan Zhou. Compact uniform attractors for dissipative non-autonomous lattice dynamical systems. Communications on Pure & Applied Analysis, 2007, 6 (4) : 1087-1111. doi: 10.3934/cpaa.2007.6.1087 [4] Wei-Jian Bo, Guo Lin, Shigui Ruan. Traveling wave solutions for time periodic reaction-diffusion systems. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 2018, 38 (9) : 4329-4351. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2018189 [5] Emma D'Aniello, Saber Elaydi. The structure of $\omega$-limit sets of asymptotically non-autonomous discrete dynamical systems. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2020, 25 (3) : 903-915. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2019195 [6] Peter Benner, Jens Saak, M. Monir Uddin. Balancing based model reduction for structured index-2 unstable descriptor systems with application to flow control. Numerical Algebra, Control & Optimization, 2016, 6 (1) : 1-20. doi: 10.3934/naco.2016.6.1 [7] Shangzhi Li, Shangjiang Guo. Permanence and extinction of a stochastic SIS epidemic model with three independent Brownian motions. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2021, 26 (5) : 2693-2719. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2020201 [8] Xiaoyi Zhou, Tong Ye, Tony T. Lee. Designing and analysis of a Wi-Fi data offloading strategy catering for the preference of mobile users. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2021  doi: 10.3934/jimo.2021038 [9] Hailing Xuan, Xiaoliang Cheng. Numerical analysis and simulation of an adhesive contact problem with damage and long memory. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2021, 26 (5) : 2781-2804. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2020205 [10] Hailing Xuan, Xiaoliang Cheng. Numerical analysis of a thermal frictional contact problem with long memory. Communications on Pure & Applied Analysis, , () : -. doi: 10.3934/cpaa.2021031 [11] Xu Zhang, Xiang Li. Modeling and identification of dynamical system with Genetic Regulation in batch fermentation of glycerol. Numerical Algebra, Control & Optimization, 2015, 5 (4) : 393-403. doi: 10.3934/naco.2015.5.393 [12] Cicely K. Macnamara, Mark A. J. Chaplain. Spatio-temporal models of synthetic genetic oscillators. Mathematical Biosciences & Engineering, 2017, 14 (1) : 249-262. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2017016 [13] Fernando P. da Costa, João T. Pinto, Rafael Sasportes. On the convergence to critical scaling profiles in submonolayer deposition models. Kinetic & Related Models, 2018, 11 (6) : 1359-1376. doi: 10.3934/krm.2018053 [14] Jian Yang, Bendong Lou. Traveling wave solutions of competitive models with free boundaries. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2014, 19 (3) : 817-826. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2014.19.817 [15] Jong Yoon Hyun, Yoonjin Lee, Yansheng Wu. Connection of $p$-ary $t$-weight linear codes to Ramanujan Cayley graphs with $t+1$ eigenvalues. Advances in Mathematics of Communications, 2021  doi: 10.3934/amc.2020133 [16] Simone Cacace, Maurizio Falcone. A dynamic domain decomposition for the eikonal-diffusion equation. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - S, 2016, 9 (1) : 109-123. doi: 10.3934/dcdss.2016.9.109 [17] Guangying Lv, Jinlong Wei, Guang-an Zou. Noise and stability in reaction-diffusion equations. Mathematical Control & Related Fields, 2021  doi: 10.3934/mcrf.2021005 [18] Israa Mohammed Khudher, Yahya Ismail Ibrahim, Suhaib Abduljabbar Altamir. Individual biometrics pattern based artificial image analysis techniques. Numerical Algebra, Control & Optimization, 2021  doi: 10.3934/naco.2020056 [19] Enkhbat Rentsen, Battur Gompil. Generalized Nash equilibrium problem based on malfatti's problem. Numerical Algebra, Control & Optimization, 2021, 11 (2) : 209-220. doi: 10.3934/naco.2020022 [20] Wei Wang, Degen Huang, Haitao Yu. Word sense disambiguation based on stretchable matching of the semantic template. Mathematical Foundations of Computing, 2021, 4 (1) : 1-13. doi: 10.3934/mfc.2020022

2019 Impact Factor: 1.233