Analysis and new applications of fractal fractional differential equations with power law kernel

Ali Akgül

doi:10.3934/dcdss.2020423

Article Contents

2021, Volume 14, Issue 10: 3401-3417. Doi: 10.3934/dcdss.2020423

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Analysis and new applications of fractal fractional differential equations with power law kernel

Ali Akgül^,

Siirt University, Art and Science Faculty, Department of Mathematics, TR-56100 Siirt, Turkey

^* Corresponding author: Ali Akgül
^* Corresponding author: Ali Akgül

Received: September 30, 2019

Revised: January 31, 2020

Early access: September 2020

Published: October 2021

The first author is supported by 2020-SIUFEB-022

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Abstract

We obtain the solutions of fractal fractional differential equations with the power law kernel by reproducing kernel Hilbert space method in this paper. We also apply the Laplace transform to get the exact solutions of the problems. We compare the exact solutions with the approximate solutions. We demonstrate our results by some tables and figures. We prove the efficiency of the proposed technique for fractal fractional differential equations.

Keywords:

Fractal fractional differential equations,
power law kernel,
reproducing kernel Hilbert space method,
Malkus waterwheel model,
numerical simulations.

Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 28A80; 26A33; and 46E22.

Citation:

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Figure 1. Exact Solutions (ES) of the second problem for $ \alpha = \beta = 0.1 $ and $ \alpha = \beta = 0.9 $

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Figure 2. Exact Solutions (ES) of the second problem for $ \alpha=\beta=0.5 $ and $ \alpha=\beta=0.9 $

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Figure 3. Exact Solutions (ES) of the second problem for $ \alpha = \beta = 1.0 $ and $ \alpha = \beta = 0.9 $

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Figure 4. The dynamical behavior of the chaotic attractor for $ \alpha = 1 = \beta. $

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Figure 5. The dynamical behavior of the chaotic attractor for $ \alpha = 0.98 $ and $ \beta = 0.99 $

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Figure 6. The dynamical behavior of the chaotic attractor for $ \alpha = 0.1 $ and different values of $ \beta. $

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Figure 7. The dynamical behavior of the chaotic attractor for $ \beta = 1 $ and different values of $ \alpha. $

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Table 1. Approximate solutions of the first problem

$x$	$\alpha=\beta=0.1$	$\alpha=\beta=0.5$	$\alpha=\beta=0.9$
0.1	0.03854888333	0.0307043774	0.0078792973
0.2	0.05333186893	0.0614101561	0.0259058607
0.3	0.06270054818	0.0921156879	0.0516560594
0.4	0.06958768905	0.1228211511	0.0837457401
0.5	0.07504844747	0.1535265840	0.1212235367
0.6	0.07958273648	0.1842320012	0.1633740132
0.7	0.08346678875	0.2149374096	0.2096297969
0.8	0.08686918110	0.2456428118	0.2595266634
0.9	0.08990026700	0.2763482087	0.3126792521
1.0	0.09263619896	0.3070536026	0.3687589104

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Table 2. Absolute Errors for the second problem

$x$	$\alpha=\beta=0.1$	$\alpha=\beta=0.55$	$\alpha=\beta=0.95$
0.1	0.00000062152	0.00000676818	0.00000856466
0.2	0.00000032204	0.00000490756	0.00001243897
0.3	0.00000022407	0.00000407914	0.00002174689
0.4	0.00000017321	0.00000358476	0.00003698863
0.5	0.00000014600	0.00000324696	0.00005597480
0.6	0.00000012155	0.00000299770	0.00008452815
0.7	0.00000010765	0.00000282100	0.00009461450
0.8	0.00000009145	0.00000269290	0.00012236140
0.9	0.00000018475	0.00001399970	0.00021363610
1.0	0.00000018475	0.00001399970	0.00021363610

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Table 3. Relative Errors for the second problem

$x$	$\alpha=\beta=0.1$	$\alpha=\beta=0.1$	$\alpha=\beta=0.1$
0.1	0.0001037114955	0.00247111550600	0.019860952690
0.2	0.0000233907536	0.00041794915520	0.003864445499
0.3	0.0000100048043	0.00014826368870	0.002084659184
0.4	0.0000054760999	0.00007121228610	0.001539514613
0.5	0.0000035331934	0.00004037018634	0.001219745100
0.6	0.0000023623478	0.00002541507333	0.001085556125
0.7	0.0000017388686	0.00001730286530	0.000777074981
0.8	0.0000012705894	0.00001247820391	0.000682296305
0.9	0.0000009831650	0.00000965486512	0.000773284787
1.0	0.0000019451577	0.00004060126398	0.000623683400

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Table 4. Approximate Solution (AS), Exact Solution (ES), Absolute Error (AE) and Relative Error (RE) for the second problem for $ \alpha = 0.5 $ and $ \beta = 1 $

$x$	$AS$	$ES$	$AE$
0.1	0.0019195134	0.00190306572	0.00001644769
0.2	0.0107895265	0.01076536543	0.00002416107
0.3	0.0296830910	0.02966585872	0.00001723228
0.4	0.0610499710	0.06089810315	0.00015186785
0.5	0.1065047070	0.10638460810	0.00012009890
0.6	0.1680971830	0.16781543890	0.00028174410
0.7	0.2469466021	0.24671689310	0.00022970900
0.8	0.3444606528	0.34449169370	0.00003104090
0.9	0.4653131081	0.46244497090	0.00339997550
1.0	0.6052021980	0.60180222250	0.00339997550

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Table 5. Approximate Solution (AS) for the third problem for $ \alpha = \beta = 0.5 $

$x$	$AS$
0.1	0.00048062670
0.2	0.00395841402
0.3	0.01287525177
0.4	0.02728111814
0.5	0.04281856069
0.6	0.05461350578
0.7	0.05592662854
0.8	0.03911508097
0.9	-0.0027967424
1.0	-0.0752782621

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