American Institute of Mathematical Sciences

Advanced
October  2012, 8(4): 969-986. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2012.8.969

Stochastic method for power-aware checkpoint intervals in wireless environments: Theory and application

Sung-Hwa Lim 1, , Se Won Lee 2, , Byoung-Hoon Lee 3, , Seongil Lee 1, and  Ho Woo Lee 1,

1. 

Sungkyunkwan University, Department of Systems Management Engineering, Suwon, 440-746, South Korea, South Korea, South Korea
2. 

Dongguk Univeristy-SEOUL, Department of Business Administration, Seoul, 110-715, South Korea
3. 

Inha University, Institute for Information and Electronics Research, Incheon, 402-751, South Korea

Received  September 2011 Revised  July 2012 Published  September 2012

The checkpoint and rollback scheme is a useful fault-tolerance method for mobile devices in wireless environments. Since battery power is one of the most critical resources for mobile devices, it is important to identify optimal checkpoint intervals that minimize power consumption. In this paper, we propose a method that minimizes power consumption in wireless remote checkpoint environments by considering environmental parameters such as device failure rate, wireless link error rate, and checkpoint overhead. To evaluate the proposed solution, we conducted analytical estimations, simulations, and experimental measurements in a real test-bed.
Keywords: Energy conservation, optimizaiton, mobile computing, fault-tolerance., Markov chain.
Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 68M15, 60K20; Secondary: 60J2.
Citation: Sung-Hwa Lim, Se Won Lee, Byoung-Hoon Lee, Seongil Lee, Ho Woo Lee. Stochastic method for power-aware checkpoint intervals in wireless environments: Theory and application. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2012, 8 (4) : 969-986. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2012.8.969
References:
[1]

S. Biswas and S. Neogy, A low overhead checkpointing scheme for mobile computing systems,, in, (2007), 700.   Google Scholar

[2]

S. Baek and B. D. Choi, Performance analysis of power save mode in IEEE 802.11 infrastructure wireless local area network,, J. Industrial and Management Optimization, 5 (2009), 481.  doi: 10.3934/jimo.2009.5.481.  Google Scholar

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R. C. Baumann, "Soft Errors in Commercial Semiconductor Technology: Overview and Scaling Trends,", in, (2002).   Google Scholar

[4]

K. M. Chandy, J. C. Browne, C. W. Dissly and W. R. Uhrig, Analytic models for rollback and recovery strategies in data base systems,, IEEE Trans. Software Eng., 1 (1975), 100.   Google Scholar

[5]

I.-R. Chen, B. Gu, S. E. George and S.-T. Cheng, On failure recoverability of client-server applications in mobile wireless environments,, IEEE Trans. on Reliability, 54 (2005), 115.  doi: 10.1109/TR.2004.837518.  Google Scholar

[6]

C. Constantinescu, Trends and challenges in VLSI circuit reliability,, IEEE Micro, 23 (2003), 14.  doi: 10.1109/MM.2003.1225959.  Google Scholar

[7]

J. T. Daly, A higher order estimate of the optimum checkpoint interval for restart dumps,, Future Generation Computer Systems, 22 (2006), 303.  doi: 10.1016/j.future.2004.11.016.  Google Scholar

[8]

S. Gadiraju and V. Kumar, Recovery in the mobile wireless environment using mobile agents,, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 3 (2004), 180.  doi: 10.1109/TMC.2004.13.  Google Scholar

[9]

K.-H. Han, J.-H. Kim, Y.-B. Ko and W.-S. Yoon, An energy efficient broadcasting for mobile devices using a cache scheme,, in Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Proc. ICCS 2004), (2004), 598.   Google Scholar

[10]

W. R. Heinzelman, A. Chandrakasan and H. Balakrishnan, "Energy-Efficient Communication Protocol for Wireless Microsensor Networks,", in proceedings of Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, (2000).   Google Scholar

[11]

P. Kumar, P. Gupta and A. K. Solanki, Dealing with rrequent aborts in minimum-process coordinated checkpointing algorithm for mobile distributed systems,, Int. J. Computer Applications, 3 (2010), 7.   Google Scholar

[12]

G.-H. Li and H. Wang, A novel min-process checkpointing scheme for mobile computing systems,, J. Systems Architecture, 51 (2005), 45.  doi: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2004.07.001.  Google Scholar

[13]

S.-H. Lim, S. W. Lee, B.-H. Lee, S. Lee and H. W. Lee, Energy-aware checkpoint intervals in error-prone mobile networks,, in proceedings of QTNA, 2011 (2011), 128.   Google Scholar

[14]

S.-H. Lim, S. W. Lee, B.-H. Lee and S. Lee, Power-aware optimal checkpoint intervals for mobile consumer devices,, IEEE Trans. Consumer Electronics, 4 (2011), 1637.  doi: 10.1109/TCE.2011.6131136.  Google Scholar

[15]

B. McFarland and M. Wong, The family dynamics of 802.11,, ACM Queue, 1 (2003), 28.  doi: 10.1145/846057.864025.  Google Scholar

[16]

D. K. Pradhan, P. Krishna and N. H. Vaidya, Recoverable mobile environment: design and trade-off analysis,, in proceedings of the 26th Int Symp. on Fault Tolerant Computing Systems, (1996), 16.   Google Scholar

[17]

S. M. Ross, "Stochastic Processes,", 2nd edition, (1996).   Google Scholar

[18]

N. H. Vaidya, On checkpoint latency,, in, (1995), 60.   Google Scholar

[19]

N. T. Vijaykumar, I. Pomeranz and K. Cheng, Transient-fault recovery using simultaneous multithreading,, in, (2002), 87.   Google Scholar

[20]

J. W. Young, A first order approximation to the optimum checkpoint interval,, Communications on the ACM, 17 (1974), 530.  doi: 10.1145/361147.361115.  Google Scholar

[21]

Z. Zhang, D.-C. Zuo, Y.-W. Ci and X.-Z. Yang, The checkpoint interval optimization of kernel-level rollback recovery based on the embedded mobile computing system,, in proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology Workshops, (2008), 521.   Google Scholar

[22]

, "Mobile DRAM Power-Saving Features and Power Calculations,", Technical note TN-46-12, (2009), 46.   Google Scholar

[23]

, CW1200 : 802.11n dual-band WLAN system-on-chip,, Data Sheet, ().   Google Scholar

[24]

, "Power Consumption and Energy Efficiency Comparisons of WLAN Products,", White Paper, (2003).   Google Scholar

[25]

, "HC25 Hardware Interface Description,", Date Sheet v.1.0, (2007).   Google Scholar

show all references

References:
[1]

S. Biswas and S. Neogy, A low overhead checkpointing scheme for mobile computing systems,, in, (2007), 700.   Google Scholar

[2]

S. Baek and B. D. Choi, Performance analysis of power save mode in IEEE 802.11 infrastructure wireless local area network,, J. Industrial and Management Optimization, 5 (2009), 481.  doi: 10.3934/jimo.2009.5.481.  Google Scholar

[3]

R. C. Baumann, "Soft Errors in Commercial Semiconductor Technology: Overview and Scaling Trends,", in, (2002).   Google Scholar

[4]

K. M. Chandy, J. C. Browne, C. W. Dissly and W. R. Uhrig, Analytic models for rollback and recovery strategies in data base systems,, IEEE Trans. Software Eng., 1 (1975), 100.   Google Scholar

[5]

I.-R. Chen, B. Gu, S. E. George and S.-T. Cheng, On failure recoverability of client-server applications in mobile wireless environments,, IEEE Trans. on Reliability, 54 (2005), 115.  doi: 10.1109/TR.2004.837518.  Google Scholar

[6]

C. Constantinescu, Trends and challenges in VLSI circuit reliability,, IEEE Micro, 23 (2003), 14.  doi: 10.1109/MM.2003.1225959.  Google Scholar

[7]

J. T. Daly, A higher order estimate of the optimum checkpoint interval for restart dumps,, Future Generation Computer Systems, 22 (2006), 303.  doi: 10.1016/j.future.2004.11.016.  Google Scholar

[8]

S. Gadiraju and V. Kumar, Recovery in the mobile wireless environment using mobile agents,, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 3 (2004), 180.  doi: 10.1109/TMC.2004.13.  Google Scholar

[9]

K.-H. Han, J.-H. Kim, Y.-B. Ko and W.-S. Yoon, An energy efficient broadcasting for mobile devices using a cache scheme,, in Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Proc. ICCS 2004), (2004), 598.   Google Scholar

[10]

W. R. Heinzelman, A. Chandrakasan and H. Balakrishnan, "Energy-Efficient Communication Protocol for Wireless Microsensor Networks,", in proceedings of Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, (2000).   Google Scholar

[11]

P. Kumar, P. Gupta and A. K. Solanki, Dealing with rrequent aborts in minimum-process coordinated checkpointing algorithm for mobile distributed systems,, Int. J. Computer Applications, 3 (2010), 7.   Google Scholar

[12]

G.-H. Li and H. Wang, A novel min-process checkpointing scheme for mobile computing systems,, J. Systems Architecture, 51 (2005), 45.  doi: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2004.07.001.  Google Scholar

[13]

S.-H. Lim, S. W. Lee, B.-H. Lee, S. Lee and H. W. Lee, Energy-aware checkpoint intervals in error-prone mobile networks,, in proceedings of QTNA, 2011 (2011), 128.   Google Scholar

[14]

S.-H. Lim, S. W. Lee, B.-H. Lee and S. Lee, Power-aware optimal checkpoint intervals for mobile consumer devices,, IEEE Trans. Consumer Electronics, 4 (2011), 1637.  doi: 10.1109/TCE.2011.6131136.  Google Scholar

[15]

B. McFarland and M. Wong, The family dynamics of 802.11,, ACM Queue, 1 (2003), 28.  doi: 10.1145/846057.864025.  Google Scholar

[16]

D. K. Pradhan, P. Krishna and N. H. Vaidya, Recoverable mobile environment: design and trade-off analysis,, in proceedings of the 26th Int Symp. on Fault Tolerant Computing Systems, (1996), 16.   Google Scholar

[17]

S. M. Ross, "Stochastic Processes,", 2nd edition, (1996).   Google Scholar

[18]

N. H. Vaidya, On checkpoint latency,, in, (1995), 60.   Google Scholar

[19]

N. T. Vijaykumar, I. Pomeranz and K. Cheng, Transient-fault recovery using simultaneous multithreading,, in, (2002), 87.   Google Scholar

[20]

J. W. Young, A first order approximation to the optimum checkpoint interval,, Communications on the ACM, 17 (1974), 530.  doi: 10.1145/361147.361115.  Google Scholar

[21]

Z. Zhang, D.-C. Zuo, Y.-W. Ci and X.-Z. Yang, The checkpoint interval optimization of kernel-level rollback recovery based on the embedded mobile computing system,, in proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology Workshops, (2008), 521.   Google Scholar

[22]

, "Mobile DRAM Power-Saving Features and Power Calculations,", Technical note TN-46-12, (2009), 46.   Google Scholar

[23]

, CW1200 : 802.11n dual-band WLAN system-on-chip,, Data Sheet, ().   Google Scholar

[24]

, "Power Consumption and Energy Efficiency Comparisons of WLAN Products,", White Paper, (2003).   Google Scholar

[25]

, "HC25 Hardware Interface Description,", Date Sheet v.1.0, (2007).   Google Scholar

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