American Institute of Mathematical Sciences

Advanced
  • Previous Article
    Time-consistent investment-reinsurance strategy with a defaultable security under ambiguous environment
  • JIMO Home
  • This Issue
  • Next Article
    Asymptotics for VaR and CTE of total aggregate losses in a bivariate operational risk cell model
doi: 10.3934/jimo.2021051
Online First

Online First articles are published articles within a journal that have not yet been assigned to a formal issue. This means they do not yet have a volume number, issue number, or page numbers assigned to them, however, they can still be found and cited using their DOI (Digital Object Identifier). Online First publication benefits the research community by making new scientific discoveries known as quickly as possible.

Readers can access Online First articles via the “Online First” tab for the selected journal.

Multi-objective optimization for a combined location-routing-inventory system considering carbon-capped differences

Shoufeng Ji 1, , Jinhuan Tang 2, , Minghe Sun 3, and  Rongjuan Luo 1,,

1. 

School of Business Administration, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110167, China
2. 

School of Economics and Management, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China
3. 

Department of Management Science and Statistics, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249-0632, USA

* Corresponding author: Dr Rongjuan Luo

Received  July 2020 Revised  January 2021 Early access March 2021

Fund Project: This research was supported by National Science Foundation of China [grant numbers 71572031, 71971049 and 71702112]

A combined location-routing-inventory system (CLRIS) in a three-echelon supply chain network is studied with environmental considerations. Specifically, a bi-objective mixed integer programming model is formulated for the CLRIS to deal with the trade-offs between the total cost and the carbon-capped difference (CCD). A multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) heuristic solution procedure is developed and implemented to solve the bi-objective mixed integer programming problem. The bi-objective mixed integer programming model and the MOPSO heuristic procedure are applied to a real-life problem as an illustrative example. The approximate nondominated frontier formed by solutions not dominated by others can be used for the decision makers to make trade-offs between the total cost and the CCD. Sensitivity analyses are conducted, and the relationship among the carbon cap, CCD, the total cost and the carbon prices are examined, and relevant managerial insights are provided. Comparisons with other existing algorithms show that the MSPSO heuristic procedure has very good performance.

Keywords: Location-routing-inventory, Carbon emissions, Carbon-capped difference, MOPSO heuristic procedure, Nondominated frontier.
Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 65K05; Secondary: 90C08.
Citation: Shoufeng Ji, Jinhuan Tang, Minghe Sun, Rongjuan Luo. Multi-objective optimization for a combined location-routing-inventory system considering carbon-capped differences. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, doi: 10.3934/jimo.2021051
References:
[1]

M. A. Alhaj, D. Svetinovic and A. Diabat, A carbon-sensitive two-echelon-inventory supply chain model with stochastic demand, Resources Conservation & Recycling, 108 (2016), 82-87.  doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2015.11.011.  Google Scholar

[2]

M. J. Amoshahy, M. Shamsi and M. H. Sedaaghi, A novel flexible inertia weight particle swarm optimization algorithm, PLoS One, 11 (2016), e0161558. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161558.  Google Scholar

[3]

Z. N. Ansari and R. Kant, A state-of-art literature review reflecting 15 years of focus on sustainable supply chain management, Journal of Cleaner Production, 142 (2017), 2524-2543.  doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.11.023.  Google Scholar

[4]

V. Artale, C. L. Milazzo, C. Orlando and A. Ricciardello, Comparison of GA and PSO approaches for the direct and LQR tuning of a multirotor PD controller, Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 13 (2017), 2067-2091. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2017032.  Google Scholar

[5]

Q. Bai, J. Xu, F. Meng and N. Yu, Impact of cap-and-trade regulation on coordinating perishable products supply chain with cost learning, Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2020. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2020126.  Google Scholar

[6]

J. C. Bansal, P. Singh, M. Saraswat, A. Verma, S. S. Jadon and A. Abraham, Inertia weight strategies in particle swarm optimization, in Third World Congress on Nature and Biologically Inspired Computing, Salamanca, 2011,633-640. doi: 10.1109/NaBIC.2011.6089659.  Google Scholar

[7]

E. Bazan, M. Y. Jaber and S. Zanoni, Carbon emissions and energy effects on a two-level manufacturer-retailer closed-loop supply chain model with remanufacturing subject to different coordination mechanisms, International Journal of Production Economics, 183 (2017), 394-408.  doi: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2016.07.009.  Google Scholar

[8]

S. Benjaafar, Y. Li and M. Daskin, Carbon footprint and the management of supply chains: Insights from simple models, IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, 10 (2012), 99-116. doi: 10.1109/TASE.2012.2203304.  Google Scholar

[9]

J. Cong, T. Pang and H. Peng, Optimal strategies for capital constrained low-carbon supply chains under yield uncertainty, Journal of Cleaner Production, 256 (2020), 120339. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120339.  Google Scholar

[10]

Y. Daryanto, H. M. Wee and R. D. Astanti, Three-echelon supply chain model considering carbon emission and item deterioration, Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 122 (2019), 368-383.  doi: 10.1016/j.tre.2018.12.014.  Google Scholar

[11]

K. Deb, A. Pratap, S. Agarwal and T. Meyarivan, A fast and elitist multiobjective genetic algorithm: Nsga-II, IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, 6 (2002), 182-197. doi: 10.1109/4235.996017.  Google Scholar

[12]

M. Desrochers and G. Laporte, Improvements and extensions to the miller-tucker-zemlin subtour elimination constraints, Operations Research Letters, 10 (1991), 27-36. doi: 10.1016/0167-6377(91)90083-2.  Google Scholar

[13]

S. Du, J. Zhu, H. Jiao and W. Ye, Game-theoretical analysis for supply chain with consumer preference to low carbon, International Journal of Production Research, 53 (2015), 3753-3768. doi: 10.1080/00207543.2014.988888.  Google Scholar

[14]

R. M. Everson, J. E. Fieldsend and S. Singh, Full elite sets for multi-objective optimisation, in I. C. Parmee (ed.), Adaptive Computing in Design and Manufacture, Springer, 2002,343-354. doi: 10.1007/978-0-85729-345-9_29.  Google Scholar

[15]

R. Z. Farahani, H. Rashidi Bajgan, B. Fahimnia and M. Kaviani, Location-inventory problem in supply chains: A modelling review, International Journal of Production Research, 53 (2015), 3769-3788. doi: 10.1080/00207543.2014.988889.  Google Scholar

[16]

A. Ghorbani and M. R. A. Jokar, A hybrid imperialist competitive-simulated annealing algorithm for a multisource multi-product location-routing-inventory problem, Computers & Industrial Engineering, 101 (2016), 116-127.  doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2016.08.027.  Google Scholar

[17]

K. Hoen, T. Tan, J. Fransoo and G. Van Houtum, Effect of carbon emission regulations on transport mode selection under stochastic demand, Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal, 26 (2014), 170-195. doi: 10.1007/s10696-012-9151-6.  Google Scholar

[18]

Y.-S. Huang, C. C. Fang and Y. A. Lin, Inventory management in supply chains with consideration of logistics, green investment and different carbon emissions policies, Computers & Industrial Engineering, 139 (2020), 106207. doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2019.106207.  Google Scholar

[19]

M. Y. Jaber, C. H. Glock and A. M. El. Saadany, Supply chain coordination with emissions reduction incentives, International Journal of Production Research, 51 (2013), 69-82. doi: 10.1080/00207543.2011.651656.  Google Scholar

[20]

A. A. Javid and N. Azad, Incorporating location, routing and inventory decisions in supply chain network design, Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 46 (2010), 582-597. Google Scholar

[21]

S. F. Ji, R. J. Luo and X. S. Peng, A probability guided evolutionary algorithm for multi-objective green express cabinet assignment in urban last-mile logistics, International Journal of Production Research, 57 (2019), 3382-3404. doi: 10.1080/00207543.2018.1533653.  Google Scholar

[22]

J. Kennedy and R. Eberhart, Particle swarm optimization, in, IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks, Perth, Australia, 1995, 1942-1948. doi: 10.1109/ICNN.1995.488968.  Google Scholar

[23]

J. S. L. Lam and Y. Gu, A market-oriented approach for intermodal network optimisation meeting cost, time and environmental requirements, International Journal of Production Economics, 171 (2016), 266-274.  doi: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2015.09.024.  Google Scholar

[24]

H. F. Ling, X. Z. Zhou, X. L. Jiang and Y. H. Xiao, Improved constrained multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm, Journal of Computer Applications, 32 (2012), 1320-1324. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1087.2012.01320.  Google Scholar

[25]

R. J. Luo, S. F. Ji and B. L. Zhu, A Pareto evolutionary algorithm based on incremental learning for a kind of multi-objective multidimensional knapsack problem, Computers & Industrial Engineering, 135 (2019), 537-559.  doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2019.06.027.  Google Scholar

[26]

J. M. C. Martí, J. S. Tancrez and R. W. Seifert, Carbon footprint and responsiveness trade-offs in supply chain network design, International Journal of Production Economics, 166 (2015), 129-142.   Google Scholar

[27]

H. Min, V. Jayaraman and R. Srivastava, Combined location-routing problems: A synthesis and future research directions, European Journal of Operational Research, 108 (1998), 1-15.  doi: 10.1016/S0377-2217(97)00172-0.  Google Scholar

[28]

S. M. Mousavi, A. Bahreininejad, S. N. Musa and F. Yusof, A modified particle swarm optimization for solving the integrated location and inventory control problems in a two-echelon supply chain network, Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 28 (2017), 191-206. doi: 10.1007/s10845-014-0970-z.  Google Scholar

[29]

M. Musavi and A. Bozorgi-Amiri, A multi-objective sustainable hub location-scheduling problem for perishable food supply chain, Computers & Industrial Engineering, 113 (2017), 766-778.  doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2017.07.039.  Google Scholar

[30]

T. Paksoy, E. }Ozceylan and G. W. Weber, A multi objective model for optimization of a green supply chain network, AIP Conference Proceedings, 311 (2010), 1239. doi: 10.1063/1.3459765.  Google Scholar

[31]

A. Palmer, The Development of an Integrated Routing and Carbon Dioxide Emissions Model for Goods Vehicles, Ph.D thesis, Cranfield University, London, 2007. Google Scholar

[32]

B. Qian, L. Wang, D.-X. Huang and X. Wang, Scheduling multi-objective job shops using a memetic algorithm based on differential evolution, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 35 (2008), 1014-1027. doi: 10.1007/s00170-006-0787-9.  Google Scholar

[33]

C. N. Samuel, U. Venkatadri, C. Diallo and A. Khatab, Robust closed-loop supply chain design with presorting, return quality and carbon emission considerations, Journal of Cleaner Production, 247 (2020), 119086. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119086.  Google Scholar

[34]

L. K. Saxena, P. K. Jain and A. K. Sharma, Tactical supply chain planning for tyre remanufacturing considering carbon tax policy, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 97 (2018), 1505-1528. doi: 10.1007/s00170-018-1972-3.  Google Scholar

[35]

B. L. Shankar, S. Basavarajappa, J. C. Chen and R. S. Kadadevaramath, Location and allocation decisions for multi-echelon supply chain network-a multi-objective evolutionary approach, Expert Systems with Applications, 40 (2013), 551-562. doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2012.07.065.  Google Scholar

[36]

Y. Shi and R. C. Eberhart, Empirical study of particle swarm optimization, in Proceedings of Twelfth IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCA), Washington, D. C., USA, 1999, 1945-1950. doi: 10.1109/CEC.1999.785511.  Google Scholar

[37]

M. R. Sierra and C. A. C. Coello, Improving Pso-Based Multi-Objective Optimization Using Crowding, Mutation and $\varepsilon$-dominance, in, Third International Conference on Evolutionary Multi-Criterion Optimization, Evolutionary Multi-Criterion Optimization, Guanajuato, Mexico, 2005. Google Scholar

[38]

R. E. Steuer, Multiple Criteria Optimization: Theory, Computation and Applications, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1986.  Google Scholar

[39]

M. Sun, Interactive Multiple Objective Programming Procedures Via Adaptive Random Search and Feed-Forward Artificial Neural Networks, Ph.D. dissertation, the University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 1992. Google Scholar

[40]

M. Sun, Some issues in measuring and reporting solution quality of interactive multiple objective programming procedures, European Journal of Operational Research, 162 (2005), 468-483.  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2003.08.058.  Google Scholar

[41]

M. Sun, Multiple objective programming, in J. Wang (ed.), Encyclopedia of Business Analytics and Optimization, IGI Global, Hershey, PA, 3 (2014), 1585-1604. Google Scholar

[42]

J. Tang, S. Ji and L. Jiang, The design of a sustainable location-routing-inventory model considering consumer environmental behavior, Sustainability, vol. 8, no. 3,211-231, 2016. doi: 10.3390/su8030211.  Google Scholar

[43]

S. Treitl, P. C. Nolz, and W. Jammernegg, Incorporating environmental aspects in an inventory routing problem. a case study from the petrochemical industry, Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal, 26 (2014), 143-169. doi: 10.1007/s10696-012-9158-z.  Google Scholar

[44]

S. C. Tseng and S. W. Hung, A strategic decision-making model considering the social costs of carbon dioxide emissions for sustainable supply chain management, Journal of Environmental Management, 133 (2014), 315-322.  doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.11.023.  Google Scholar

[45]

S. Validi, A. Bhattacharya and P. Byrne, Integrated low-carbon distribution system for the demand side of a product distribution supply chain: A DoE-guided mopso optimiser-based solution approach, International Journal of Production Research, 52 (2014), 3074-3096. doi: 10.1080/00207543.2013.864054.  Google Scholar

[46]

S. Prasanna Venkatesan and S. Kumanan, A multi-objective discrete particle swarm optimisation algorithm for supply chain network design, International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management, 11 (2012), 375-406. doi: 10.1504/IJLSM.2012.045919.  Google Scholar

[47]

C. Wang, W. Wang and R. Huang, Supply chain enterprise operations and government carbon tax decisions considering carbon emissions, Journal of Cleaner Production, 152 (2017), 271-280.  doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.03.051.  Google Scholar

[48]

H. Wang and M. K. Lim, Two stage heuristic algorithm for logistics network optimization of integrated location-routing-inventory, in Recent Advances in Intelligent Manufacturing, Springer, 2018,209-217. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-2396-6_19.  Google Scholar

[49]

M. Wang, L. Zhao and M. Herty, Modelling carbon trading and refrigerated logistics services within a fresh food supply chain under carbon cap-and-trade regulation, International Journal of Production Research, 56 (2018), 4207-4225. Google Scholar

[50]

S. Wang, F. Tao and Y. Shi, Optimization of location-routing problem for cold chain logistics considering carbon footprint, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15 (2018), 86-103. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15010086.  Google Scholar

[51]

B. Xin, W. Peng and M. Sun, Optimal coordination strategy for international production planning and pollution abating under cap-and-trade regulations, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16 (2019), article 3490 (21 pages). doi: 10.3390/ijerph16183490.  Google Scholar

[52]

J. Xu, Q. Qi and Q. Bai, Coordinating a dual-channel supply chain with price discount contracts under carbon emission capacity regulation, Applied Mathematical Modelling, 56 (2018), 449-468. doi: 10.1016/j.apm.2017.12.018.  Google Scholar

[53]

Z. Xu, A. Elomri, S. Pokharel, Q. Zhang, X. Ming and W. Liu, Global reverse supply chain design for solid waste recycling under uncertainties and carbon emission constraint, Waste Management, 64 (2017), 358-370. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.02.024.  Google Scholar

[54]

H. Yu, Y. Tan, J. Zeng, C. Sun and Y. Jin, Surrogate-assisted hierarchical particle swarm optimization, Information Sciences, 454 (2018), 59-72.  doi: 10.1016/j.ins.2018.04.062.  Google Scholar

[55]

M. Zhalechian, R. Tavakkoli-Moghaddam, B. Zahiri and M. Mohammadi, Sustainable design of a closed-loop location-routing-inventory supply chain network under mixed uncertainty, Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 89 (2016), 182-214. doi: 10.1016/j.tre.2016.02.011.  Google Scholar

[56]

M. Zhang, M. Sun, D. Bi and T. Liu, Green logistics development decision-making: Factor identification and hierarchical framework construction, IEEE Access, 2020, 127897-127912. Google Scholar

[57]

Q. Zhang and H. Li, MOEA/D: A multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition, IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, 11 (2007), 712-731. Google Scholar

show all references

References:
[1]

M. A. Alhaj, D. Svetinovic and A. Diabat, A carbon-sensitive two-echelon-inventory supply chain model with stochastic demand, Resources Conservation & Recycling, 108 (2016), 82-87.  doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2015.11.011.  Google Scholar

[2]

M. J. Amoshahy, M. Shamsi and M. H. Sedaaghi, A novel flexible inertia weight particle swarm optimization algorithm, PLoS One, 11 (2016), e0161558. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161558.  Google Scholar

[3]

Z. N. Ansari and R. Kant, A state-of-art literature review reflecting 15 years of focus on sustainable supply chain management, Journal of Cleaner Production, 142 (2017), 2524-2543.  doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.11.023.  Google Scholar

[4]

V. Artale, C. L. Milazzo, C. Orlando and A. Ricciardello, Comparison of GA and PSO approaches for the direct and LQR tuning of a multirotor PD controller, Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 13 (2017), 2067-2091. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2017032.  Google Scholar

[5]

Q. Bai, J. Xu, F. Meng and N. Yu, Impact of cap-and-trade regulation on coordinating perishable products supply chain with cost learning, Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2020. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2020126.  Google Scholar

[6]

J. C. Bansal, P. Singh, M. Saraswat, A. Verma, S. S. Jadon and A. Abraham, Inertia weight strategies in particle swarm optimization, in Third World Congress on Nature and Biologically Inspired Computing, Salamanca, 2011,633-640. doi: 10.1109/NaBIC.2011.6089659.  Google Scholar

[7]

E. Bazan, M. Y. Jaber and S. Zanoni, Carbon emissions and energy effects on a two-level manufacturer-retailer closed-loop supply chain model with remanufacturing subject to different coordination mechanisms, International Journal of Production Economics, 183 (2017), 394-408.  doi: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2016.07.009.  Google Scholar

[8]

S. Benjaafar, Y. Li and M. Daskin, Carbon footprint and the management of supply chains: Insights from simple models, IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, 10 (2012), 99-116. doi: 10.1109/TASE.2012.2203304.  Google Scholar

[9]

J. Cong, T. Pang and H. Peng, Optimal strategies for capital constrained low-carbon supply chains under yield uncertainty, Journal of Cleaner Production, 256 (2020), 120339. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120339.  Google Scholar

[10]

Y. Daryanto, H. M. Wee and R. D. Astanti, Three-echelon supply chain model considering carbon emission and item deterioration, Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 122 (2019), 368-383.  doi: 10.1016/j.tre.2018.12.014.  Google Scholar

[11]

K. Deb, A. Pratap, S. Agarwal and T. Meyarivan, A fast and elitist multiobjective genetic algorithm: Nsga-II, IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, 6 (2002), 182-197. doi: 10.1109/4235.996017.  Google Scholar

[12]

M. Desrochers and G. Laporte, Improvements and extensions to the miller-tucker-zemlin subtour elimination constraints, Operations Research Letters, 10 (1991), 27-36. doi: 10.1016/0167-6377(91)90083-2.  Google Scholar

[13]

S. Du, J. Zhu, H. Jiao and W. Ye, Game-theoretical analysis for supply chain with consumer preference to low carbon, International Journal of Production Research, 53 (2015), 3753-3768. doi: 10.1080/00207543.2014.988888.  Google Scholar

[14]

R. M. Everson, J. E. Fieldsend and S. Singh, Full elite sets for multi-objective optimisation, in I. C. Parmee (ed.), Adaptive Computing in Design and Manufacture, Springer, 2002,343-354. doi: 10.1007/978-0-85729-345-9_29.  Google Scholar

[15]

R. Z. Farahani, H. Rashidi Bajgan, B. Fahimnia and M. Kaviani, Location-inventory problem in supply chains: A modelling review, International Journal of Production Research, 53 (2015), 3769-3788. doi: 10.1080/00207543.2014.988889.  Google Scholar

[16]

A. Ghorbani and M. R. A. Jokar, A hybrid imperialist competitive-simulated annealing algorithm for a multisource multi-product location-routing-inventory problem, Computers & Industrial Engineering, 101 (2016), 116-127.  doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2016.08.027.  Google Scholar

[17]

K. Hoen, T. Tan, J. Fransoo and G. Van Houtum, Effect of carbon emission regulations on transport mode selection under stochastic demand, Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal, 26 (2014), 170-195. doi: 10.1007/s10696-012-9151-6.  Google Scholar

[18]

Y.-S. Huang, C. C. Fang and Y. A. Lin, Inventory management in supply chains with consideration of logistics, green investment and different carbon emissions policies, Computers & Industrial Engineering, 139 (2020), 106207. doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2019.106207.  Google Scholar

[19]

M. Y. Jaber, C. H. Glock and A. M. El. Saadany, Supply chain coordination with emissions reduction incentives, International Journal of Production Research, 51 (2013), 69-82. doi: 10.1080/00207543.2011.651656.  Google Scholar

[20]

A. A. Javid and N. Azad, Incorporating location, routing and inventory decisions in supply chain network design, Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 46 (2010), 582-597. Google Scholar

[21]

S. F. Ji, R. J. Luo and X. S. Peng, A probability guided evolutionary algorithm for multi-objective green express cabinet assignment in urban last-mile logistics, International Journal of Production Research, 57 (2019), 3382-3404. doi: 10.1080/00207543.2018.1533653.  Google Scholar

[22]

J. Kennedy and R. Eberhart, Particle swarm optimization, in, IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks, Perth, Australia, 1995, 1942-1948. doi: 10.1109/ICNN.1995.488968.  Google Scholar

[23]

J. S. L. Lam and Y. Gu, A market-oriented approach for intermodal network optimisation meeting cost, time and environmental requirements, International Journal of Production Economics, 171 (2016), 266-274.  doi: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2015.09.024.  Google Scholar

[24]

H. F. Ling, X. Z. Zhou, X. L. Jiang and Y. H. Xiao, Improved constrained multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm, Journal of Computer Applications, 32 (2012), 1320-1324. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1087.2012.01320.  Google Scholar

[25]

R. J. Luo, S. F. Ji and B. L. Zhu, A Pareto evolutionary algorithm based on incremental learning for a kind of multi-objective multidimensional knapsack problem, Computers & Industrial Engineering, 135 (2019), 537-559.  doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2019.06.027.  Google Scholar

[26]

J. M. C. Martí, J. S. Tancrez and R. W. Seifert, Carbon footprint and responsiveness trade-offs in supply chain network design, International Journal of Production Economics, 166 (2015), 129-142.   Google Scholar

[27]

H. Min, V. Jayaraman and R. Srivastava, Combined location-routing problems: A synthesis and future research directions, European Journal of Operational Research, 108 (1998), 1-15.  doi: 10.1016/S0377-2217(97)00172-0.  Google Scholar

[28]

S. M. Mousavi, A. Bahreininejad, S. N. Musa and F. Yusof, A modified particle swarm optimization for solving the integrated location and inventory control problems in a two-echelon supply chain network, Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 28 (2017), 191-206. doi: 10.1007/s10845-014-0970-z.  Google Scholar

[29]

M. Musavi and A. Bozorgi-Amiri, A multi-objective sustainable hub location-scheduling problem for perishable food supply chain, Computers & Industrial Engineering, 113 (2017), 766-778.  doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2017.07.039.  Google Scholar

[30]

T. Paksoy, E. }Ozceylan and G. W. Weber, A multi objective model for optimization of a green supply chain network, AIP Conference Proceedings, 311 (2010), 1239. doi: 10.1063/1.3459765.  Google Scholar

[31]

A. Palmer, The Development of an Integrated Routing and Carbon Dioxide Emissions Model for Goods Vehicles, Ph.D thesis, Cranfield University, London, 2007. Google Scholar

[32]

B. Qian, L. Wang, D.-X. Huang and X. Wang, Scheduling multi-objective job shops using a memetic algorithm based on differential evolution, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 35 (2008), 1014-1027. doi: 10.1007/s00170-006-0787-9.  Google Scholar

[33]

C. N. Samuel, U. Venkatadri, C. Diallo and A. Khatab, Robust closed-loop supply chain design with presorting, return quality and carbon emission considerations, Journal of Cleaner Production, 247 (2020), 119086. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119086.  Google Scholar

[34]

L. K. Saxena, P. K. Jain and A. K. Sharma, Tactical supply chain planning for tyre remanufacturing considering carbon tax policy, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 97 (2018), 1505-1528. doi: 10.1007/s00170-018-1972-3.  Google Scholar

[35]

B. L. Shankar, S. Basavarajappa, J. C. Chen and R. S. Kadadevaramath, Location and allocation decisions for multi-echelon supply chain network-a multi-objective evolutionary approach, Expert Systems with Applications, 40 (2013), 551-562. doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2012.07.065.  Google Scholar

[36]

Y. Shi and R. C. Eberhart, Empirical study of particle swarm optimization, in Proceedings of Twelfth IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCA), Washington, D. C., USA, 1999, 1945-1950. doi: 10.1109/CEC.1999.785511.  Google Scholar

[37]

M. R. Sierra and C. A. C. Coello, Improving Pso-Based Multi-Objective Optimization Using Crowding, Mutation and $\varepsilon$-dominance, in, Third International Conference on Evolutionary Multi-Criterion Optimization, Evolutionary Multi-Criterion Optimization, Guanajuato, Mexico, 2005. Google Scholar

[38]

R. E. Steuer, Multiple Criteria Optimization: Theory, Computation and Applications, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1986.  Google Scholar

[39]

M. Sun, Interactive Multiple Objective Programming Procedures Via Adaptive Random Search and Feed-Forward Artificial Neural Networks, Ph.D. dissertation, the University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 1992. Google Scholar

[40]

M. Sun, Some issues in measuring and reporting solution quality of interactive multiple objective programming procedures, European Journal of Operational Research, 162 (2005), 468-483.  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2003.08.058.  Google Scholar

[41]

M. Sun, Multiple objective programming, in J. Wang (ed.), Encyclopedia of Business Analytics and Optimization, IGI Global, Hershey, PA, 3 (2014), 1585-1604. Google Scholar

[42]

J. Tang, S. Ji and L. Jiang, The design of a sustainable location-routing-inventory model considering consumer environmental behavior, Sustainability, vol. 8, no. 3,211-231, 2016. doi: 10.3390/su8030211.  Google Scholar

[43]

S. Treitl, P. C. Nolz, and W. Jammernegg, Incorporating environmental aspects in an inventory routing problem. a case study from the petrochemical industry, Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal, 26 (2014), 143-169. doi: 10.1007/s10696-012-9158-z.  Google Scholar

[44]

S. C. Tseng and S. W. Hung, A strategic decision-making model considering the social costs of carbon dioxide emissions for sustainable supply chain management, Journal of Environmental Management, 133 (2014), 315-322.  doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.11.023.  Google Scholar

[45]

S. Validi, A. Bhattacharya and P. Byrne, Integrated low-carbon distribution system for the demand side of a product distribution supply chain: A DoE-guided mopso optimiser-based solution approach, International Journal of Production Research, 52 (2014), 3074-3096. doi: 10.1080/00207543.2013.864054.  Google Scholar

[46]

S. Prasanna Venkatesan and S. Kumanan, A multi-objective discrete particle swarm optimisation algorithm for supply chain network design, International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management, 11 (2012), 375-406. doi: 10.1504/IJLSM.2012.045919.  Google Scholar

[47]

C. Wang, W. Wang and R. Huang, Supply chain enterprise operations and government carbon tax decisions considering carbon emissions, Journal of Cleaner Production, 152 (2017), 271-280.  doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.03.051.  Google Scholar

[48]

H. Wang and M. K. Lim, Two stage heuristic algorithm for logistics network optimization of integrated location-routing-inventory, in Recent Advances in Intelligent Manufacturing, Springer, 2018,209-217. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-2396-6_19.  Google Scholar

[49]

M. Wang, L. Zhao and M. Herty, Modelling carbon trading and refrigerated logistics services within a fresh food supply chain under carbon cap-and-trade regulation, International Journal of Production Research, 56 (2018), 4207-4225. Google Scholar

[50]

S. Wang, F. Tao and Y. Shi, Optimization of location-routing problem for cold chain logistics considering carbon footprint, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15 (2018), 86-103. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15010086.  Google Scholar

[51]

B. Xin, W. Peng and M. Sun, Optimal coordination strategy for international production planning and pollution abating under cap-and-trade regulations, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16 (2019), article 3490 (21 pages). doi: 10.3390/ijerph16183490.  Google Scholar

[52]

J. Xu, Q. Qi and Q. Bai, Coordinating a dual-channel supply chain with price discount contracts under carbon emission capacity regulation, Applied Mathematical Modelling, 56 (2018), 449-468. doi: 10.1016/j.apm.2017.12.018.  Google Scholar

[53]

Z. Xu, A. Elomri, S. Pokharel, Q. Zhang, X. Ming and W. Liu, Global reverse supply chain design for solid waste recycling under uncertainties and carbon emission constraint, Waste Management, 64 (2017), 358-370. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.02.024.  Google Scholar

[54]

H. Yu, Y. Tan, J. Zeng, C. Sun and Y. Jin, Surrogate-assisted hierarchical particle swarm optimization, Information Sciences, 454 (2018), 59-72.  doi: 10.1016/j.ins.2018.04.062.  Google Scholar

[55]

M. Zhalechian, R. Tavakkoli-Moghaddam, B. Zahiri and M. Mohammadi, Sustainable design of a closed-loop location-routing-inventory supply chain network under mixed uncertainty, Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 89 (2016), 182-214. doi: 10.1016/j.tre.2016.02.011.  Google Scholar

[56]

M. Zhang, M. Sun, D. Bi and T. Liu, Green logistics development decision-making: Factor identification and hierarchical framework construction, IEEE Access, 2020, 127897-127912. Google Scholar

[57]

Q. Zhang and H. Li, MOEA/D: A multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition, IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, 11 (2007), 712-731. Google Scholar

Figure 1.  A three-echelon supply chain network
Figure Options

Download full-size image

Download as PowerPoint slide

Figure 2.  Locations of the Plants, the potential DCs and the Retailers
Figure Options

Download full-size image

Download as PowerPoint slide

Figure 3.  The nondominated frontier of the CLRIS considering CCD
Figure Options

Download full-size image

Download as PowerPoint slide

Figure 4.  The nondominated frontier of the CLRIS considering carbon emissions
Figure Options

Download full-size image

Download as PowerPoint slide

Figure 5.  Nondominated frontiers of the model minimizing CCD by varying the carbon cap
Figure Options

Download full-size image

Download as PowerPoint slide

Figure 6.  Box plots for the three evaluation indicators
Figure Options

Download full-size image

Download as PowerPoint slide

Figure 7.  The obtained nondominated frontiers of the all three procedures
Figure Options

Download full-size image

Download as PowerPoint slide

Table 1.  Summary of relevant literature for low carbon supply chains
Literature category Issues considered Related publications
Translating carbon emissions into cost Carbon cost; carbon price; pollution cost; cap-and-trade; emissions trading scheme Tseng and Hung [44]; Treitl et al. [43]; Alhaj et al. [1]; Bai et al. [5]; Wang, Tao and Shi [50].
Treating carbon emissions as a constraint in supply chain models Carbon footprints; carbon-constrained Benjaafar et al. [8]; Xu et al. [53]; Lam and Gu [23]; Martí et al. [26].
Policies for carbon emission reduction Carbon trading; carbon tax Bazan et al. [7]; Wang et al. [47]; Wang, Zhao and Herty [49]; Saxena et al. [34]; Xin et al. [51]; Huang et al. [18]; Samuel et al. [33].
Multiple objectives with carbon emissions Trade-offs between cost and environment Paksoy et al. [30]; Musavi and Bozorgi-Amiri [29]; Daryanto et al. [10].
Carbon emission reduction with coordination mechanisms Green production; green purchasing; coordination mechanism; life cycle assessment Palmer [31]; Jaber et al. [19]; Du et al. [13]; Xu et al. [52]; Zhang et al. [56].
Supply chain network design Location; routing; inventory Min et al. [27]; Wang, Tao and Shi [50]; Javid and Azad [20]; Farahani et al. [15]; Tang et al. [42]; Zhalechian et al. [55].
Table Options

Download as excel

Literature category Issues considered Related publications
Translating carbon emissions into cost Carbon cost; carbon price; pollution cost; cap-and-trade; emissions trading scheme Tseng and Hung [44]; Treitl et al. [43]; Alhaj et al. [1]; Bai et al. [5]; Wang, Tao and Shi [50].
Treating carbon emissions as a constraint in supply chain models Carbon footprints; carbon-constrained Benjaafar et al. [8]; Xu et al. [53]; Lam and Gu [23]; Martí et al. [26].
Policies for carbon emission reduction Carbon trading; carbon tax Bazan et al. [7]; Wang et al. [47]; Wang, Zhao and Herty [49]; Saxena et al. [34]; Xin et al. [51]; Huang et al. [18]; Samuel et al. [33].
Multiple objectives with carbon emissions Trade-offs between cost and environment Paksoy et al. [30]; Musavi and Bozorgi-Amiri [29]; Daryanto et al. [10].
Carbon emission reduction with coordination mechanisms Green production; green purchasing; coordination mechanism; life cycle assessment Palmer [31]; Jaber et al. [19]; Du et al. [13]; Xu et al. [52]; Zhang et al. [56].
Supply chain network design Location; routing; inventory Min et al. [27]; Wang, Tao and Shi [50]; Javid and Azad [20]; Farahani et al. [15]; Tang et al. [42]; Zhalechian et al. [55].
Table 2.  Distances from the plants to the potential DCs (km)
Shenbei Yuhong Sujiatun Dongling
Fushun 77.5 71.1 64.6 36.5
Liaoyang 112.8 65.5 44.7 35.8
Table Options

Download as excel

Shenbei Yuhong Sujiatun Dongling
Fushun 77.5 71.1 64.6 36.5
Liaoyang 112.8 65.5 44.7 35.8
Table 3.  Parameters of the potential DCs
Shenbei Yuhong Sujiatun Dongling
Lead time (days) 3 2 3 4
Service level 95% 95% 95% 95%
Table Options

Download as excel

Shenbei Yuhong Sujiatun Dongling
Lead time (days) 3 2 3 4
Service level 95% 95% 95% 95%
Table 4.  Areas and fixed costs of the potential DCs
Capacity (ton) Fixed cost per period () Holding cost (/ton/day) Areas (m2)
Shenbei 340 20000 0.20 1100
Yuhong 500 18000 0.25 1600
Sujiatun 310 11200 0.20 1000
Dongling 380 15600 0.25 1200
Table Options

Download as excel

Capacity (ton) Fixed cost per period () Holding cost (/ton/day) Areas (m2)
Shenbei 340 20000 0.20 1100
Yuhong 500 18000 0.25 1600
Sujiatun 310 11200 0.20 1000
Dongling 380 15600 0.25 1200
Table 5.  Details of some typical solutions on the nondominated frontier
Solutions Plants DC Status Total cost CCD
Shenbei Yuhong Sujiatun Dongling
1 Fushun 1 0 1 1 80153.5 4451.7
Liaoyang 1 0 0 0
2 Fushun 1 1 0 1 81875.5 3677.2
Liaoyang 1 1 0 0
3 Fushun 0 1 0 1 88125.9 3025.7
Liaoyang 1 1 0 0
4 Fushun 1 1 0 1 93750.3 2418.4
Liaoyang 1 1 0 1
5 Fushun 1 1 0 1 100104.9 1975.1
Liaoyang 1 1 1 0
6 Fushun 1 1 1 0 110139.3 1575.7
Liaoyang 1 0 1 0
7 Fushun 1 1 1 0 117697.4 1273.5
Liaoyang 1 1 1 0
8 Fushun 0 1 1 1 122385.8 968.1
Liaoyang 0 1 1 1
9 Fushun 1 1 1 1 134982.2 613.9
Liaoyang 0 1 1 1
Table Options

Download as excel

Solutions Plants DC Status Total cost CCD
Shenbei Yuhong Sujiatun Dongling
1 Fushun 1 0 1 1 80153.5 4451.7
Liaoyang 1 0 0 0
2 Fushun 1 1 0 1 81875.5 3677.2
Liaoyang 1 1 0 0
3 Fushun 0 1 0 1 88125.9 3025.7
Liaoyang 1 1 0 0
4 Fushun 1 1 0 1 93750.3 2418.4
Liaoyang 1 1 0 1
5 Fushun 1 1 0 1 100104.9 1975.1
Liaoyang 1 1 1 0
6 Fushun 1 1 1 0 110139.3 1575.7
Liaoyang 1 0 1 0
7 Fushun 1 1 1 0 117697.4 1273.5
Liaoyang 1 1 1 0
8 Fushun 0 1 1 1 122385.8 968.1
Liaoyang 0 1 1 1
9 Fushun 1 1 1 1 134982.2 613.9
Liaoyang 0 1 1 1
Table 6.  Values of the evaluation indicators for MOPSO, NSGAII and MOEA/D
Convergence Diversity Dominance
MOPSO NSGAII MOEA/D MOPSO NSGAII MOEA/D MOPSO NSGAII MOEA/D
1 0.258 0.179 2.320 0.507 0.518 0.691 0.909 0.476 0.000
2 0.126 0.251 2.261 0.520 0.494 0.775 0.878 0.466 0.000
3 0.193 0.142 1.208 0.508 0.540 0.694 0.814 0.485 0.000
4 0.170 0.254 1.273 0.516 0.482 0.841 0.828 0.441 0.000
5 0.160 0.244 1.679 0.468 0.471 0.738 0.913 0.428 0.000
6 0.158 0.260 1.741 0.559 0.479 0.808 0.820 0.463 0.000
7 0.137 0.241 1.375 0.493 0.497 0.698 0.826 0.535 0.000
8 0.177 0.106 2.207 0.480 0.627 0.817 0.775 0.517 0.000
9 0.233 0.092 1.471 0.516 0.545 0.728 0.789 0.371 0.000
10 0.250 0.103 1.050 0.455 0.493 0.713 0.834 0.526 0.000
11 0.239 0.171 1.607 0.521 0.598 0.789 0.817 0.330 0.000
12 0.106 0.179 1.800 0.485 0.557 0.804 0.892 0.326 0.000
13 0.146 0.188 1.952 0.406 0.533 0.724 0.884 0.478 0.000
14 0.131 0.181 1.667 0.490 0.493 0.704 0.871 0.448 0.000
15 0.115 0.158 2.385 0.433 0.449 0.779 0.905 0.476 0.000
16 0.158 0.195 2.158 0.530 0.482 0.662 0.868 0.557 0.000
17 0.122 0.268 1.276 0.480 0.485 0.710 0.841 0.486 0.000
18 0.193 0.169 1.727 0.489 0.517 0.663 0.892 0.546 0.000
19 0.168 0.220 1.700 0.550 0.576 0.637 0.926 0.403 0.000
20 0.172 1.295 1.333 0.478 0.567 0.787 0.833 0.353 0.000
21 0.143 1.724 1.696 0.502 0.517 0.708 0.866 0.303 0.000
Table Options

Download as excel

Convergence Diversity Dominance
MOPSO NSGAII MOEA/D MOPSO NSGAII MOEA/D MOPSO NSGAII MOEA/D
1 0.258 0.179 2.320 0.507 0.518 0.691 0.909 0.476 0.000
2 0.126 0.251 2.261 0.520 0.494 0.775 0.878 0.466 0.000
3 0.193 0.142 1.208 0.508 0.540 0.694 0.814 0.485 0.000
4 0.170 0.254 1.273 0.516 0.482 0.841 0.828 0.441 0.000
5 0.160 0.244 1.679 0.468 0.471 0.738 0.913 0.428 0.000
6 0.158 0.260 1.741 0.559 0.479 0.808 0.820 0.463 0.000
7 0.137 0.241 1.375 0.493 0.497 0.698 0.826 0.535 0.000
8 0.177 0.106 2.207 0.480 0.627 0.817 0.775 0.517 0.000
9 0.233 0.092 1.471 0.516 0.545 0.728 0.789 0.371 0.000
10 0.250 0.103 1.050 0.455 0.493 0.713 0.834 0.526 0.000
11 0.239 0.171 1.607 0.521 0.598 0.789 0.817 0.330 0.000
12 0.106 0.179 1.800 0.485 0.557 0.804 0.892 0.326 0.000
13 0.146 0.188 1.952 0.406 0.533 0.724 0.884 0.478 0.000
14 0.131 0.181 1.667 0.490 0.493 0.704 0.871 0.448 0.000
15 0.115 0.158 2.385 0.433 0.449 0.779 0.905 0.476 0.000
16 0.158 0.195 2.158 0.530 0.482 0.662 0.868 0.557 0.000
17 0.122 0.268 1.276 0.480 0.485 0.710 0.841 0.486 0.000
18 0.193 0.169 1.727 0.489 0.517 0.663 0.892 0.546 0.000
19 0.168 0.220 1.700 0.550 0.576 0.637 0.926 0.403 0.000
20 0.172 1.295 1.333 0.478 0.567 0.787 0.833 0.353 0.000
21 0.143 1.724 1.696 0.502 0.517 0.708 0.866 0.303 0.000
Table A1.  Distances from the potential DCs to the retailers (km)
Shenbei Yuhong Dongling
1 82.6 47.7 55.6
2 80.1 47.0 37.3
3 80.5 27.9 54.2
4 64.5 35.7 42.3
5 62.3 40.0 47.3
6 64.6 49.8 15.7
7 61.2 55.6 7.0
8 58.2 45.0 27.3
9 64.2 36.1 49.1
10 66.1 27.2 49.5
11 66.0 12.0 50.0
12 66.2 48.2 60.1
13 63.8 60.6 12.0
14 56.6 40.2 58.9
15 55.2 35.2 67.1
16 58.1 7.0 55.3
17 62.1 54.2 42.0
18 56.9 42.1 41.1
19 50.3 38.4 47.9
20 45.7 39.0 52.1
21 50.1 32.2 50.0
22 50.1 12.0 57.1
23 40.1 36.1 37.0
24 50.1 48.9 12.2
25 30.2 45.9 52.1
26 25.8 40.1 67.1
27 32.1 40.2 55.3
28 23.2 38.4 55.3
29 25.8 42.6 65.1
30 22.4 48.9 54.2
31 20.5 52.6 62.1
32 23.7 46.0 70.1
33 7.0 55.6 66.2
34 15.0 61.3 72.1
Table Options

Download as excel

Shenbei Yuhong Dongling
1 82.6 47.7 55.6
2 80.1 47.0 37.3
3 80.5 27.9 54.2
4 64.5 35.7 42.3
5 62.3 40.0 47.3
6 64.6 49.8 15.7
7 61.2 55.6 7.0
8 58.2 45.0 27.3
9 64.2 36.1 49.1
10 66.1 27.2 49.5
11 66.0 12.0 50.0
12 66.2 48.2 60.1
13 63.8 60.6 12.0
14 56.6 40.2 58.9
15 55.2 35.2 67.1
16 58.1 7.0 55.3
17 62.1 54.2 42.0
18 56.9 42.1 41.1
19 50.3 38.4 47.9
20 45.7 39.0 52.1
21 50.1 32.2 50.0
22 50.1 12.0 57.1
23 40.1 36.1 37.0
24 50.1 48.9 12.2
25 30.2 45.9 52.1
26 25.8 40.1 67.1
27 32.1 40.2 55.3
28 23.2 38.4 55.3
29 25.8 42.6 65.1
30 22.4 48.9 54.2
31 20.5 52.6 62.1
32 23.7 46.0 70.1
33 7.0 55.6 66.2
34 15.0 61.3 72.1
Table A2.  Distances between the retailers (km)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34
1 0.0 17.1 15.9 18.7 50.2 52.5 55.6 52.5 48.9 50.2 49.5 48.9 58.8 52.5 47.9 51.1 60.0 50.1 52.5 49.1 50.2 50.2 55.3 55.3 56.3 52.1 56.3 62.3 67.3 69.2 70.1 75.2 77.1
2 17.1 0.0 18.7 7.0 10.1 18.8 50.2 20.1 15.9 15.9 24.1 52.5 55.1 18.8 19.8 45.1 53.2 47.1 20.1 50.2 50.2 51.2 53.2 54.7 55.7 53.2 54.9 66.1 66.1 67.1 67.1 69.2 70.1
3 15.9 18.7 0.0 17.3 47.5 49.9 52.1 48.5 45.2 17.3 16.6 16.8 60.0 45.2 47.5 45.7 60.0 49.9 45.1 46.2 44.1 50.3 60.3 60.0 57.3 49.8 55.1 57.3 57.3 60.1 61.3 67.1 68.9
4 18.7 7.0 17.3 0.0 7.0 55.1 40.1 30.2 25.1 7.0 15.2 32.1 41.9 30.2 27.1 25.7 41.9 56.2 30.2 29.5 35.1 26.7 36.9 36.3 41.9 39.1 36.9 50.1 53.4 57.3 59.9 64.7 66.3
5 50.2 10.1 47.5 7.0 0.0 7.0 49.6 7.2 5.9 28.1 50.5 25.8 32.6 27.1 13.8 45.1 32.6 44.3 40.1 46.2 49.9 43.2 32.6 36.6 39.8 39.8 37.6 55.3 55.3 59.9 62.0 65.0 66.0
6 52.5 18.8 49.9 55.1 7.0 0.0 18.8 8.7 20.4 24.1 29.4 48.9 55.1 55.1 57.8 35.9 54.1 55.1 54.1 32.4 48.9 58.8 57.8 48.9 53.9 54.8 55.5 58.4 58.7 62.4 67.1 68.6 68.1
7 55.6 50.2 52.1 40.1 49.6 18.8 0.0 18.8 49.6 50.2 47.1 52.1 5.1 49.6 50.2 54.1 10.0 49.8 47.1 50.1 52.1 48.6 19.8 19.6 23.8 50.1 50.2 49.2 46.3 54.1 59.2 59.2 60.1
8 52.5 20.1 48.5 30.2 7.2 8.7 18.8 0.0 6.4 15.6 20.6 28.7 19.6 14.2 20.6 35.9 19.6 24.2 22.1 20.6 28.7 19.6 20.6 28.7 30.7 32.5 34.6 50.3 45.3 50.3 54.2 55.2 66.4
9 48.9 15.9 45.2 25.1 5.9 20.4 49.6 6.4 0.0 15.2 18.9 25.8 26.8 6.4 15.2 35.6 26.8 27.8 10.1 35.6 38.9 30.2 38.9 39.7 40.1 37.8 41.1 45.6 45.8 47.6 50.2 50.6 50.9
10 50.2 15.9 17.3 7.0 28.1 24.1 50.2 15.6 15.2 0.0 5.0 17.3 55.1 15.2 5.0 15.9 45.2 36.8 15.2 36.8 38.8 39.6 45.2 43.2 43.2 40.1 43.2 45.4 47.9 47.4 45.2 52.1 52.0
11 50.2 24.1 16.6 15.2 50.5 29.4 47.1 20.6 18.9 5.0 0.0 10.0 45.9 27.1 9.0 7.1 27.1 20.1 16.9 16.9 17.5 18.9 27.1 26.7 27.1 25.9 32.2 36.5 45.9 47.2 46.2 53.1 53.0
12 48.9 52.5 16.8 32.1 25.8 48.9 52.1 28.7 25.8 17.3 10.0 0.0 60.0 25.8 9.2 10.0 50.0 40.3 25.8 11.2 12.3 40.3 49.0 45.1 44.3 40.3 44.5 40.3 50.1 53.7 56.5 58.2 59.9
13 58.8 55.1 60.0 41.9 32.6 55.1 5.1 19.6 26.8 55.1 45.9 60.0 0.0 35.6 41.9 45.9 12.1 20.3 32.6 50.1 45.9 35.6 17.0 43.1 45.1 55.1 58.1 59.8 45.1 62.8 69.1 59.8 60.2
14 52.5 18.8 45.2 30.2 27.1 55.1 49.6 14.2 6.4 15.2 27.1 25.8 35.6 0.0 6.2 15.2 45.1 16.1 5.9 23.3 29.1 20.1 40.1 38.7 38.5 29.1 32.1 37.7 39.8 42.3 45.2 46.6 47.9
15 47.9 19.8 47.5 27.1 13.8 57.8 50.2 20.6 15.2 5.0 9.0 9.2 41.9 6.2 0.0 15.2 45.7 48.9 10.2 15.6 20.1 21.2 40.7 41.2 40.2 38.0 40.2 43.5 45.1 47.9 47.1 48.2 48.9
16 51.1 45.1 45.7 25.7 45.1 35.9 54.1 35.9 35.6 15.9 7.1 10.0 45.9 15.2 15.2 0.0 37.1 29.1 25.7 10.1 11.1 23.4 37.1 32.7 33.3 23.4 30.0 31.2 36.1 46.1 45.2 47.7 49.2
17 60.0 53.2 60.0 41.9 32.6 54.1 10.0 19.6 26.8 45.2 27.1 50.0 12.1 45.1 45.7 37.1 0.0 18.7 21.1 45.2 44.5 25.6 8.8 18.7 25.5 45.2 46.6 55.8 45.1 50.1 68.1 63.1 60.0
18 52.1 50.2 45.2 39.1 49.8 18.8 10.0 22.1 25.9 40.1 23.1 48.9 15.0 25.9 57.8 31.2 11.9 7.7 18.8 40.1 44.4 21.8 7.5 44.4 24.5 43.1 46.8 48.7 40.1 45.1 55.1 58.1 58.7
19 50.1 47.1 49.9 56.2 44.3 55.1 49.8 24.2 27.8 36.8 20.1 40.3 20.3 16.1 48.9 29.1 18.7 0.0 7.4 35.9 40.6 10.0 22.7 20.0 24.7 27.8 35.7 40.7 49.7 50.7 52.3 57.9 58.7
20 52.5 20.1 45.1 30.2 40.1 54.1 47.1 22.1 10.1 15.2 16.9 25.8 32.6 5.9 10.2 25.7 21.1 7.4 0.0 20.1 25.5 5.6 27.6 28.7 32.5 30.7 35.7 45.1 45.0 43.1 48.7 49.2 50.1
21 49.1 50.2 46.2 29.5 46.2 32.4 50.1 20.6 35.6 36.8 16.9 11.2 50.1 23.3 15.6 10.1 45.2 35.9 20.1 0.0 8.5 22.2 40.7 34.5 32.1 18.7 24.5 38.0 42.7 43.0 43.7 45.6 46.5
22 50.2 50.2 44.1 35.1 49.9 48.9 52.1 28.7 38.9 38.8 17.5 12.3 45.9 29.1 20.1 11.1 44.5 40.6 25.5 8.5 0.0 27.8 45.2 40.1 38.1 18.9 26.0 30.1 44.1 44.6 45.0 46.7 48.0
23 50.2 51.2 50.3 26.7 43.2 58.8 48.6 19.6 30.2 39.6 18.9 40.3 35.6 20.1 21.2 23.4 25.6 10.0 5.6 22.2 27.8 0.0 27.1 14.2 15.8 20.7 24.2 33.3 38.9 40.1 43.3 45.1 45.2
24 55.3 53.2 60.3 36.9 32.6 57.8 19.8 20.6 38.9 45.2 27.1 49.0 17.0 40.1 40.7 37.1 8.8 22.7 27.6 40.7 45.2 27.1 0.0 13.6 19.5 33.2 34.8 45.2 33.8 38.5 46.1 55.1 50.1
25 55.3 54.7 60.0 36.3 36.6 48.9 19.6 28.7 39.7 43.2 26.7 45.1 43.1 38.7 41.2 32.7 18.7 20.0 28.7 34.5 40.1 14.2 13.6 0.0 6.1 18.9 17.0 41.8 20.0 25.0 40.0 45.2 46.1
26 56.3 55.7 57.3 41.9 39.8 53.9 23.8 30.7 40.1 43.2 27.1 44.3 45.1 38.5 40.2 33.3 25.5 24.7 32.5 32.1 38.1 15.8 19.5 6.1 0.0 20.0 17.9 36.1 30.1 36.1 36.2 37.1 38.2
27 52.1 53.2 49.8 39.1 39.8 54.8 50.1 32.5 37.8 40.1 25.9 40.3 55.1 29.1 38.0 23.4 45.2 27.8 30.7 18.7 18.9 20.7 33.2 18.9 20.0 0.0 7.3 18.2 36.2 38.1 38.1 40.2 44.2
28 56.3 54.9 55.1 36.9 37.6 55.5 50.2 34.6 41.1 43.2 32.2 44.5 58.1 32.1 40.2 30.0 46.6 35.7 35.7 24.5 26.0 24.2 34.8 17.0 17.9 7.3 0.0 13.5 30.1 36.9 40.2 42.1 43.5
29 62.3 66.1 57.3 50.1 55.3 58.4 49.2 50.3 45.6 45.4 36.5 40.3 59.8 37.7 43.5 31.2 55.8 40.7 45.1 38.0 30.1 33.3 45.2 41.8 36.1 18.2 13.5 0.0 35.6 37.3 20.0 45.2 46.2
30 67.3 66.1 57.3 53.4 55.3 58.7 46.3 45.3 45.8 47.9 45.9 50.1 45.1 39.8 45.1 36.1 45.1 49.7 45.0 42.7 44.1 38.9 33.8 20.0 30.1 36.2 30.1 35.6 0.0 7.2 37.3 30.2 32.1
31 69.2 67.1 60.1 57.3 59.9 62.4 54.1 50.3 47.6 47.4 47.2 53.7 62.8 42.3 47.9 46.1 50.1 50.7 43.1 43.0 44.6 40.1 38.5 25.0 36.1 38.1 36.9 37.3 7.2 0.0 25.6 20.1 26.1
32 70.1 67.1 61.3 59.9 62.0 67.1 59.2 54.2 50.2 45.2 46.2 56.5 69.1 45.2 47.1 45.2 68.1 52.3 48.7 43.7 45.0 43.3 46.1 40.0 36.2 38.1 40.2 20.0 37.3 25.6 0.0 38.2 45.6
33 75.2 69.2 67.1 64.7 65.0 68.6 59.2 55.2 50.6 52.1 53.1 58.2 59.8 46.6 48.2 47.7 63.1 57.9 49.2 45.6 46.7 45.1 55.1 45.2 37.1 40.2 42.1 45.2 30.2 20.1 38.2 0.0 8.2
34 77.1 70.1 68.9 66.3 66.0 68.1 60.1 66.4 50.9 52.0 53.0 59.9 60.2 47.9 48.9 49.2 60.0 58.7 50.1 46.5 48.0 45.2 50.1 46.1 38.2 44.2 43.5 46.2 32.1 26.1 45.6 8.2 0.0
Table Options

Download as excel

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34
1 0.0 17.1 15.9 18.7 50.2 52.5 55.6 52.5 48.9 50.2 49.5 48.9 58.8 52.5 47.9 51.1 60.0 50.1 52.5 49.1 50.2 50.2 55.3 55.3 56.3 52.1 56.3 62.3 67.3 69.2 70.1 75.2 77.1
2 17.1 0.0 18.7 7.0 10.1 18.8 50.2 20.1 15.9 15.9 24.1 52.5 55.1 18.8 19.8 45.1 53.2 47.1 20.1 50.2 50.2 51.2 53.2 54.7 55.7 53.2 54.9 66.1 66.1 67.1 67.1 69.2 70.1
3 15.9 18.7 0.0 17.3 47.5 49.9 52.1 48.5 45.2 17.3 16.6 16.8 60.0 45.2 47.5 45.7 60.0 49.9 45.1 46.2 44.1 50.3 60.3 60.0 57.3 49.8 55.1 57.3 57.3 60.1 61.3 67.1 68.9
4 18.7 7.0 17.3 0.0 7.0 55.1 40.1 30.2 25.1 7.0 15.2 32.1 41.9 30.2 27.1 25.7 41.9 56.2 30.2 29.5 35.1 26.7 36.9 36.3 41.9 39.1 36.9 50.1 53.4 57.3 59.9 64.7 66.3
5 50.2 10.1 47.5 7.0 0.0 7.0 49.6 7.2 5.9 28.1 50.5 25.8 32.6 27.1 13.8 45.1 32.6 44.3 40.1 46.2 49.9 43.2 32.6 36.6 39.8 39.8 37.6 55.3 55.3 59.9 62.0 65.0 66.0
6 52.5 18.8 49.9 55.1 7.0 0.0 18.8 8.7 20.4 24.1 29.4 48.9 55.1 55.1 57.8 35.9 54.1 55.1 54.1 32.4 48.9 58.8 57.8 48.9 53.9 54.8 55.5 58.4 58.7 62.4 67.1 68.6 68.1
7 55.6 50.2 52.1 40.1 49.6 18.8 0.0 18.8 49.6 50.2 47.1 52.1 5.1 49.6 50.2 54.1 10.0 49.8 47.1 50.1 52.1 48.6 19.8 19.6 23.8 50.1 50.2 49.2 46.3 54.1 59.2 59.2 60.1
8 52.5 20.1 48.5 30.2 7.2 8.7 18.8 0.0 6.4 15.6 20.6 28.7 19.6 14.2 20.6 35.9 19.6 24.2 22.1 20.6 28.7 19.6 20.6 28.7 30.7 32.5 34.6 50.3 45.3 50.3 54.2 55.2 66.4
9 48.9 15.9 45.2 25.1 5.9 20.4 49.6 6.4 0.0 15.2 18.9 25.8 26.8 6.4 15.2 35.6 26.8 27.8 10.1 35.6 38.9 30.2 38.9 39.7 40.1 37.8 41.1 45.6 45.8 47.6 50.2 50.6 50.9
10 50.2 15.9 17.3 7.0 28.1 24.1 50.2 15.6 15.2 0.0 5.0 17.3 55.1 15.2 5.0 15.9 45.2 36.8 15.2 36.8 38.8 39.6 45.2 43.2 43.2 40.1 43.2 45.4 47.9 47.4 45.2 52.1 52.0
11 50.2 24.1 16.6 15.2 50.5 29.4 47.1 20.6 18.9 5.0 0.0 10.0 45.9 27.1 9.0 7.1 27.1 20.1 16.9 16.9 17.5 18.9 27.1 26.7 27.1 25.9 32.2 36.5 45.9 47.2 46.2 53.1 53.0
12 48.9 52.5 16.8 32.1 25.8 48.9 52.1 28.7 25.8 17.3 10.0 0.0 60.0 25.8 9.2 10.0 50.0 40.3 25.8 11.2 12.3 40.3 49.0 45.1 44.3 40.3 44.5 40.3 50.1 53.7 56.5 58.2 59.9
13 58.8 55.1 60.0 41.9 32.6 55.1 5.1 19.6 26.8 55.1 45.9 60.0 0.0 35.6 41.9 45.9 12.1 20.3 32.6 50.1 45.9 35.6 17.0 43.1 45.1 55.1 58.1 59.8 45.1 62.8 69.1 59.8 60.2
14 52.5 18.8 45.2 30.2 27.1 55.1 49.6 14.2 6.4 15.2 27.1 25.8 35.6 0.0 6.2 15.2 45.1 16.1 5.9 23.3 29.1 20.1 40.1 38.7 38.5 29.1 32.1 37.7 39.8 42.3 45.2 46.6 47.9
15 47.9 19.8 47.5 27.1 13.8 57.8 50.2 20.6 15.2 5.0 9.0 9.2 41.9 6.2 0.0 15.2 45.7 48.9 10.2 15.6 20.1 21.2 40.7 41.2 40.2 38.0 40.2 43.5 45.1 47.9 47.1 48.2 48.9
16 51.1 45.1 45.7 25.7 45.1 35.9 54.1 35.9 35.6 15.9 7.1 10.0 45.9 15.2 15.2 0.0 37.1 29.1 25.7 10.1 11.1 23.4 37.1 32.7 33.3 23.4 30.0 31.2 36.1 46.1 45.2 47.7 49.2
17 60.0 53.2 60.0 41.9 32.6 54.1 10.0 19.6 26.8 45.2 27.1 50.0 12.1 45.1 45.7 37.1 0.0 18.7 21.1 45.2 44.5 25.6 8.8 18.7 25.5 45.2 46.6 55.8 45.1 50.1 68.1 63.1 60.0
18 52.1 50.2 45.2 39.1 49.8 18.8 10.0 22.1 25.9 40.1 23.1 48.9 15.0 25.9 57.8 31.2 11.9 7.7 18.8 40.1 44.4 21.8 7.5 44.4 24.5 43.1 46.8 48.7 40.1 45.1 55.1 58.1 58.7
19 50.1 47.1 49.9 56.2 44.3 55.1 49.8 24.2 27.8 36.8 20.1 40.3 20.3 16.1 48.9 29.1 18.7 0.0 7.4 35.9 40.6 10.0 22.7 20.0 24.7 27.8 35.7 40.7 49.7 50.7 52.3 57.9 58.7
20 52.5 20.1 45.1 30.2 40.1 54.1 47.1 22.1 10.1 15.2 16.9 25.8 32.6 5.9 10.2 25.7 21.1 7.4 0.0 20.1 25.5 5.6 27.6 28.7 32.5 30.7 35.7 45.1 45.0 43.1 48.7 49.2 50.1
21 49.1 50.2 46.2 29.5 46.2 32.4 50.1 20.6 35.6 36.8 16.9 11.2 50.1 23.3 15.6 10.1 45.2 35.9 20.1 0.0 8.5 22.2 40.7 34.5 32.1 18.7 24.5 38.0 42.7 43.0 43.7 45.6 46.5
22 50.2 50.2 44.1 35.1 49.9 48.9 52.1 28.7 38.9 38.8 17.5 12.3 45.9 29.1 20.1 11.1 44.5 40.6 25.5 8.5 0.0 27.8 45.2 40.1 38.1 18.9 26.0 30.1 44.1 44.6 45.0 46.7 48.0
23 50.2 51.2 50.3 26.7 43.2 58.8 48.6 19.6 30.2 39.6 18.9 40.3 35.6 20.1 21.2 23.4 25.6 10.0 5.6 22.2 27.8 0.0 27.1 14.2 15.8 20.7 24.2 33.3 38.9 40.1 43.3 45.1 45.2
24 55.3 53.2 60.3 36.9 32.6 57.8 19.8 20.6 38.9 45.2 27.1 49.0 17.0 40.1 40.7 37.1 8.8 22.7 27.6 40.7 45.2 27.1 0.0 13.6 19.5 33.2 34.8 45.2 33.8 38.5 46.1 55.1 50.1
25 55.3 54.7 60.0 36.3 36.6 48.9 19.6 28.7 39.7 43.2 26.7 45.1 43.1 38.7 41.2 32.7 18.7 20.0 28.7 34.5 40.1 14.2 13.6 0.0 6.1 18.9 17.0 41.8 20.0 25.0 40.0 45.2 46.1
26 56.3 55.7 57.3 41.9 39.8 53.9 23.8 30.7 40.1 43.2 27.1 44.3 45.1 38.5 40.2 33.3 25.5 24.7 32.5 32.1 38.1 15.8 19.5 6.1 0.0 20.0 17.9 36.1 30.1 36.1 36.2 37.1 38.2
27 52.1 53.2 49.8 39.1 39.8 54.8 50.1 32.5 37.8 40.1 25.9 40.3 55.1 29.1 38.0 23.4 45.2 27.8 30.7 18.7 18.9 20.7 33.2 18.9 20.0 0.0 7.3 18.2 36.2 38.1 38.1 40.2 44.2
28 56.3 54.9 55.1 36.9 37.6 55.5 50.2 34.6 41.1 43.2 32.2 44.5 58.1 32.1 40.2 30.0 46.6 35.7 35.7 24.5 26.0 24.2 34.8 17.0 17.9 7.3 0.0 13.5 30.1 36.9 40.2 42.1 43.5
29 62.3 66.1 57.3 50.1 55.3 58.4 49.2 50.3 45.6 45.4 36.5 40.3 59.8 37.7 43.5 31.2 55.8 40.7 45.1 38.0 30.1 33.3 45.2 41.8 36.1 18.2 13.5 0.0 35.6 37.3 20.0 45.2 46.2
30 67.3 66.1 57.3 53.4 55.3 58.7 46.3 45.3 45.8 47.9 45.9 50.1 45.1 39.8 45.1 36.1 45.1 49.7 45.0 42.7 44.1 38.9 33.8 20.0 30.1 36.2 30.1 35.6 0.0 7.2 37.3 30.2 32.1
31 69.2 67.1 60.1 57.3 59.9 62.4 54.1 50.3 47.6 47.4 47.2 53.7 62.8 42.3 47.9 46.1 50.1 50.7 43.1 43.0 44.6 40.1 38.5 25.0 36.1 38.1 36.9 37.3 7.2 0.0 25.6 20.1 26.1
32 70.1 67.1 61.3 59.9 62.0 67.1 59.2 54.2 50.2 45.2 46.2 56.5 69.1 45.2 47.1 45.2 68.1 52.3 48.7 43.7 45.0 43.3 46.1 40.0 36.2 38.1 40.2 20.0 37.3 25.6 0.0 38.2 45.6
33 75.2 69.2 67.1 64.7 65.0 68.6 59.2 55.2 50.6 52.1 53.1 58.2 59.8 46.6 48.2 47.7 63.1 57.9 49.2 45.6 46.7 45.1 55.1 45.2 37.1 40.2 42.1 45.2 30.2 20.1 38.2 0.0 8.2
34 77.1 70.1 68.9 66.3 66.0 68.1 60.1 66.4 50.9 52.0 53.0 59.9 60.2 47.9 48.9 49.2 60.0 58.7 50.1 46.5 48.0 45.2 50.1 46.1 38.2 44.2 43.5 46.2 32.1 26.1 45.6 8.2 0.0
[1]

Ömer Arslan, Selçuk Kürşat İşleyen. A model and two heuristic methods for The Multi-Product Inventory-Location-Routing Problem with heterogeneous fleet. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2020  doi: 10.3934/jimo.2021002
[2]

Qiong Liu, Jialiang Liu, Zhaorui Dong, Mengmeng Zhan, Zhen Mei, Baosheng Ying, Xinyu Shao. Integrated optimization of process planning and scheduling for reducing carbon emissions. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2021, 17 (3) : 1025-1055. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2020010
[3]

Giuseppe Buttazzo, Serena Guarino Lo Bianco, Fabrizio Oliviero. Optimal location problems with routing cost. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems, 2014, 34 (4) : 1301-1317. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2014.34.1301
[4]

Edoardo Mainini, Hideki Murakawa, Paolo Piovano, Ulisse Stefanelli. Carbon-nanotube geometries: Analytical and numerical results. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - S, 2017, 10 (1) : 141-160. doi: 10.3934/dcdss.2017008
[5]

Huaying Guo, Jin Liang. An optimal control model of carbon reduction and trading. Mathematical Control & Related Fields, 2016, 6 (4) : 535-550. doi: 10.3934/mcrf.2016015
[6]

Xiaoli Yang, Jin Liang, Bei Hu. Minimization of carbon abatement cost: Modeling, analysis and simulation. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2017, 22 (7) : 2939-2969. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2017158
[7]

Masoud Rabbani, Nastaran Oladzad-Abbasabady, Niloofar Akbarian-Saravi. Ambulance routing in disaster response considering variable patient condition: NSGA-II and MOPSO algorithms. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2021  doi: 10.3934/jimo.2021007
[8]

Kota Kumazaki. A mathematical model of carbon dioxide transport in concrete carbonation process. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - S, 2014, 7 (1) : 113-125. doi: 10.3934/dcdss.2014.7.113
[9]

Dayi He, Xiaoling Chen, Qi Huang. Influences of carbon emission abatement on firms' production policy based on newsboy model. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2017, 13 (1) : 251-265. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2016015
[10]

Chong Zhang, Yaxian Wang, Haiyan Wang. Design of an environmental contract under trade credits and carbon emission reduction. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2021  doi: 10.3934/jimo.2021141
[11]

Shuhua Zhang, Junying Zhao, Ming Yan, Xinyu Wang. Modeling and computation of mean field game with compound carbon abatement mechanisms. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2021, 17 (6) : 3333-3347. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2020121
[12]

Nurhadi Siswanto, Stefanus Eko Wiratno, Ahmad Rusdiansyah, Ruhul Sarker. Maritime inventory routing problem with multiple time windows. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2019, 15 (3) : 1185-1211. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2018091
[13]

Chenyin Wang, Yaodong Ni, Xiangfeng Yang. The inventory replenishment policy in an uncertain production-inventory-routing system. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2021  doi: 10.3934/jimo.2021196
[14]

Anh Son Ta, Le Thi Hoai An, Djamel Khadraoui, Pham Dinh Tao. Solving Partitioning-Hub Location-Routing Problem using DCA. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2012, 8 (1) : 87-102. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2012.8.87
[15]

Xuefeng Wang. The heterogeneous fleet location routing problem with simultaneous pickup and delivery and overloads. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - S, 2019, 12 (4&5) : 1147-1166. doi: 10.3934/dcdss.2019079
[16]

Azeddine Elmajidi, Elhoussine Elmazoudi, Jamila Elalami, Noureddine Elalami. Dependent delay stability characterization for a polynomial T-S Carbon Dioxide model. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - S, 2021  doi: 10.3934/dcdss.2021035
[17]

Qingguo Bai, Fanwen Meng. Impact of risk aversion on two-echelon supply chain systems with carbon emission reduction constraints. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2020, 16 (4) : 1943-1965. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2019037
[18]

Wei Chen, Yongkai Ma, Weihao Hu. Electricity supply chain coordination with carbon abatement technology investment under the benchmarking mechanism. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2020  doi: 10.3934/jimo.2020175
[19]

Xue-Yan Wu, Zhi-Ping Fan, Bing-Bing Cao. Cost-sharing strategy for carbon emission reduction and sales effort: A nash game with government subsidy. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2020, 16 (4) : 1999-2027. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2019040
[20]

Ziyuan Zhang, Liying Yu. Joint emission reduction dynamic optimization and coordination in the supply chain considering fairness concern and reference low-carbon effect. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2021  doi: 10.3934/jimo.2021155

2020 Impact Factor: 1.801

Tools

Metrics

  • PDF downloads (220)
  • HTML views (317)
  • Cited by (0)

Other articles
by authors

[Back to Top]

Copyright © 2021 American Institute of Mathematical Sciences | Privacy Policy