# American Institute of Mathematical Sciences

October  2010, 4(4): 693-714. doi: 10.3934/jmd.2010.4.693

## Existence of $C^{1,1}$ critical subsolutions in discrete weak KAM theory

 1 Unité de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, siteMonod, UMR CNRS 5669, 46, allée d’Italie, 69364 LYON Cedex 07, France

Received  April 2010 Revised  October 2010 Published  January 2011

In this article, following [29], we study critical subsolutions in discrete weak KAM theory. In particular, we establish that if the cost function $c: M \times M\to \R$ defined on a smooth connected manifold is locally semiconcave and satisfies twist conditions, then there exists a $C^{1,1}$ critical subsolution strict on a maximal set (namely, outside of the Aubry set). We also explain how this applies to costs coming from Tonelli Lagrangians. Finally, following ideas introduced in [18] and [26], we study invariant cost functions and apply this study to certain covering spaces, introducing a discrete analog of Mather's $\alpha$ function on the cohomology.
Citation: Maxime Zavidovique. Existence of $C^{1,1}$ critical subsolutions in discrete weak KAM theory. Journal of Modern Dynamics, 2010, 4 (4) : 693-714. doi: 10.3934/jmd.2010.4.693
##### References:
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Soc., Providence, RI, 1993.  Google Scholar [24] Daniel Massart, Subsolutions of time-periodic Hamilton-Jacobi equations, Ergodic Theory Dynam. Systems, 27 (2007), 1253-1265. doi: 10.1017/S0143385707000089.  Google Scholar [25] John Mather, A criterion for the nonexistence of invariant circles, Inst. Hautes Études Sci. Publ. Math. No. 63, (1986), 153-204.  Google Scholar [26] John N. Mather, Action minimizing invariant measures for positive-definite Lagrangian systems, Math. Z., 207 (1991), 169-207. doi: 10.1007/BF02571383.  Google Scholar [27] John N. Mather, Variational construction of connecting orbits, Ann. Inst. Fourier (Grenoble), 43 (1993), 1349-1386.  Google Scholar [28] John N. Mather and Giovanni Forni, Action minimizing orbits in Hamiltonian systems, "Transition to chaos in classical and quantum mechanics (Montecatini Terme, 1991)," 92-186, Lecture Notes in Math., 1589, Springer, Berlin, 1994.  Google Scholar [29] Maxime Zavidovique, Strict subsolutions and Mañe potential in discrete weak KAM theory,, to appear in Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici., ().   Google Scholar

show all references

##### References:
 [1] V. Bangert, Mather sets for twist maps and geodesics on tori, "Dynamics reported, Vol. 1," 1-56, Dynam. Report. Ser. Dynam. Systems Appl., 1, Wiley, Chichester, 1988.  Google Scholar [2] Patrick Bernard and Boris Buffoni, The Monge problem for supercritical Mañé potentials on compact manifolds, Adv. Math., 207 (2006), 691-706. doi: 10.1016/j.aim.2006.01.003.  Google Scholar [3] Patrick Bernard and Boris Buffoni, Optimal mass transportation and Mather theory, J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS), 9 (2007), 85-121. doi: 10.4171/JEMS/74.  Google Scholar [4] Patrick Bernard and Boris Buffoni, Weak KAM pairs and Monge-Kantorovich duality, "Asymptotic Analysis and Singularities-Elliptic and Parabolic PDEs and Related Problems," 397-420, Adv. Stud. Pure Math., 47-2, Math. Soc. Japan, Tokyo, 2007.  Google Scholar [5] Patrick Bernard, Existence of $C^{1,1}$ critical subsolutions of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation on compact manifolds, Ann. Sci. École Norm. Sup. (4), 40 (2007), 445-452.  Google Scholar [6] Patrick Bernard, The dynamics of pseudographs in convex Hamiltonian systems, J. Amer. Math. Soc., 21 (2008), 615-669. doi: 10.1090/S0894-0347-08-00591-2.  Google Scholar [7] Patrick Bernard, Lasry-Lions regularisation and a Lemma of Ilmanen,, to appear in Rendiconti del Seminario Matematico della Università di Padova., ().   Google Scholar [8] Patrick Bernard, Personal communication,, 2009., ().   Google Scholar [9] Pierre Cardaliaguet, Front propagation problems with nonlocal terms. II, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 260 (2001), 572-601. doi: 10.1006/jmaa.2001.7483.  Google Scholar [10] Guillaume Carlier, Duality and existence for a class of mass transportation problems and economic applications, "Advances in mathematical economics. Vol. 5," 1-21, Adv. Math. Econ., 5, Springer, Tokyo, 2003.  Google Scholar [11] Gonzalo Contreras, Renato Iturriaga and Hector Sanchez-Morgado, Weak solutions of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for time periodic Lagrangians, preprint, 2000. http://www.cimat.mx/ gonzalo/papers/whj.pdf. Google Scholar [12] F. H. Clarke, Y. S. Ledyaev, R. J. Stern and P. R. Wolenski, "Nonsmooth Analysis and Control Theory," volume 178 of "Graduate Texts in Mathematics," Springer-Verlag, New York, 1998.  Google Scholar [13] Piermarco Cannarsa and Carlo Sinestrari, "Semiconcave Functions, Hamilton-Jacobi Equations, and Optimal Control," Progress in Nonlinear Differential Equations and their Applications, 58. Birkhäuser Boston Inc., Boston, MA, 2004.  Google Scholar [14] Albert Fathi, "Weak KAM Theorem in Lagrangian Dynamics,", preliminary version. , ().   Google Scholar [15] Albert Fathi, Personal communication,, 2009., ().   Google Scholar [16] Albert Fathi and Alessio Figalli, Optimal transportation on noncompact manifolds, Israel J. Math., 175 (2010), 1-59. doi: 10.1007/s11856-010-0001-5.  Google Scholar [17] Albert Fathi, Alessio Figalli and Ludovic Rifford, On the Hausdorff dimension of the Mather quotient, Comm. Pure Appl. Math., 62 (2009), 445-500. doi: 10.1002/cpa.20250.  Google Scholar [18] A. Fathi and E. Maderna, Weak KAM Theorem on noncompact manifolds, NoDEA, Nonlinear Differential Equations Appl., 14 (2007), 1-27. doi: 10.1007/s00030-007-2047-6.  Google Scholar [19] Albert Fathi and Antonio Siconolfi, Existence of $C^1$ critical subsolutions of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation, Invent. Math., 155 (2004), 363-388. doi: 10.1007/s00222-003-0323-6.  Google Scholar [20] Albert Fathi and Maxime Zavidovique, Insertion of $C^{1,1}$ functions and Ilmanen's lemma,, to appear in Rendiconti del Seminario Matematico della Università di Padova., ().   Google Scholar [21] Christophe Golé, "Symplectic Twist Maps," Global variational techniques. Advanced Series in Nonlinear Dynamics, 18, World Scientific Publishing Co., Inc., River Edge, NJ, 2001.  Google Scholar [22] Michael-R. Herman, Inégalités "a priori'' pour des tores lagrangiens invariants par des difféomorphismes symplectiques, Inst. Hautes Études Sci. Publ. Math. No. 70, (1989), 47-101, (1990).  Google Scholar [23] Tom Ilmanen, "The Level-Set Flow on a Manifold," "Differential Geometry: Partial Differential Equations on Manifolds (Los Angeles, CA, 1990)," 193-204, Proc. Sympos. Pure Math., 54, Part 1, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 1993.  Google Scholar [24] Daniel Massart, Subsolutions of time-periodic Hamilton-Jacobi equations, Ergodic Theory Dynam. Systems, 27 (2007), 1253-1265. doi: 10.1017/S0143385707000089.  Google Scholar [25] John Mather, A criterion for the nonexistence of invariant circles, Inst. Hautes Études Sci. Publ. Math. No. 63, (1986), 153-204.  Google Scholar [26] John N. Mather, Action minimizing invariant measures for positive-definite Lagrangian systems, Math. Z., 207 (1991), 169-207. doi: 10.1007/BF02571383.  Google Scholar [27] John N. Mather, Variational construction of connecting orbits, Ann. Inst. Fourier (Grenoble), 43 (1993), 1349-1386.  Google Scholar [28] John N. Mather and Giovanni Forni, Action minimizing orbits in Hamiltonian systems, "Transition to chaos in classical and quantum mechanics (Montecatini Terme, 1991)," 92-186, Lecture Notes in Math., 1589, Springer, Berlin, 1994.  Google Scholar [29] Maxime Zavidovique, Strict subsolutions and Mañe potential in discrete weak KAM theory,, to appear in Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici., ().   Google Scholar
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