
ISSN:
1531-3492
eISSN:
1553-524X
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Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B
March 2018 , Volume 23 , Issue 2
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In this article, we write the recruitment function
as
Studying the per capita growth rate when satisfying our four conditions gives insight into contest and scramble competition. In particular, depending on the properties of
In this work we prove the existence of solution for a p-Laplacian non-autonomous problem with dynamic boundary and infinite delay. We ensure the existence of pullback attractor for the multivalued process associated to the non-autonomous problem we are concerned.
Asymptotic behaviour of the solutions to a basic virus dynamics model is discussed. We consider the population of uninfected cells, infected cells, and virus particles. Diffusion effect is incorporated there. First, the Lyapunov function effective to the spatially homogeneous part (ODE model without diffusion) admits the
We consider the problem of stabilization of unstable periodic solutions to autonomous systems by the non-invasive delayed feedback control known as Pyragas control method. The Odd Number Theorem imposes an important restriction upon the choice of the gain matrix by stating a necessary condition for stabilization. In this paper, the Odd Number Theorem is extended to equivariant systems. We assume that both the uncontrolled and controlled systems respect a group of symmetries. Two types of results are discussed. First, we consider rotationally symmetric systems for which the control stabilizes the whole orbit of relative periodic solutions that form an invariant two-dimensional torus in the phase space. Second, we consider a modification of the Pyragas control method that has been recently proposed for systems with a finite symmetry group. This control acts non-invasively on one selected periodic solution from the orbit and targets to stabilize this particular solution. Variants of the Odd Number Limitation Theorem are proposed for both above types of systems. The results are illustrated with examples that have been previously studied in the literature on Pyragas control including a system of two symmetrically coupled Stewart-Landau oscillators and a system of two coupled lasers.
In this paper we analyze an optimal distributed control problem where the state equations are given by a stationary chemotaxis model coupled with the Navier-Stokes equations. We consider that the movement and the interaction of cells are occurring in a smooth bounded domain of
Gauss-Seidel projection methods are designed for achieving desirable long-term computational efficiency and reliability in micromagnetics simulations. While conventional Gauss-Seidel schemes are explicit, easy to use and furnish a better stability as compared to Euler's method, their order of accuracy is only one. This paper proposes an improved Gauss-Seidel methodology for particle simulations of magnetized plasmas. A novel new class of high order schemes are implemented via composition strategies. The new algorithms acquired are not only explicit and symmetric, but also volume-preserving together with their adjoint schemes. They are highly favorable for long-term computations. The new high order schemes are then utilized for simulating charged particle motions under the Lorentz force. Our experiments indicate a remarkable satisfaction of the energy preservation and angular momentum conservation of the numerical methods in multi-scale plasma dynamics computations.
This paper is concerned with the traveling waves of a nonlocal dispersal Lotka-Volterra strong competition model with bistable nonlinearity. We first establish the asymptotic behavior of traveling waves at infinity. Then by applying the stronger comparison principle and the sliding method, we prove that the traveling waves with nonzero speed are strictly monotone. Moreover, the uniqueness of wave speeds is also obtained.
Numerous studies have examined the growth dynamics of Wolbachia within populations and the resultant rate of spatial spread. This spread is typically characterised as a travelling wave with bistable local growth dynamics due to a strong Allee effect generated from cytoplasmic incompatibility. While this rate of spread has been calculated from numerical solutions of reaction-diffusion models, none have examined the spectral stability of such travelling wave solutions. In this study we analyse the stability of a travelling wave solution generated by the reaction-diffusion model of Chan & Kim [
This paper presents a study of immiscible incompressible two-phase flow through fractured porous media. The results obtained earlier in the pioneer work by A. Bourgeat, S. Luckhaus, A. Mikelić (1996) and L. M. Yeh (2006) are revisited. The main goal is to incorporate some of the most recent improvements in the convergence of the solutions in the homogenization of such models. The microscopic model consists of the usual equations derived from the mass conservation of both fluids along with the Darcy-Muskat law. The problem is written in terms of the phase formulation, i.e. the saturation of one phase and the pressure of the second phase are primary unknowns. We will consider a domain made up of several zones with different characteristics: porosity, absolute permeability, relative permeabilities and capillary pressure curves. The fractured medium consists of periodically repeating homogeneous blocks and fractures, the permeability being highly discontinuous. Over the matrix domain, the permeability is scaled by
A global Hopf bifurcation theory for a system of neutral functional differential equations (NFDEs) with state-dependent delay is investigated by applying the
We investigate the dynamics of a family of one-dimensional linear-power maps. This family has been studied by many authors mainly in the continuous case, associated with Nordmark systems. In the discontinuous case, which is much less studied, the map has vertical and horizontal asymptotes giving rise to new kinds of border collision bifurcations. We explain a mechanism of the interplay between smooth bifurcations and border collision bifurcations with singularity, leading to peculiar sequences of attracting cycles of periods
We study the evolution in discrete time of certain age-structured populations, such as adults and juveniles, with a Ricker fitness function. We determine conditions for the convergence of orbits to the origin (extinction) in the presence of the Allee effect and time-dependent vital rates. We show that when stages interact, they may survive in the absence of interior fixed points, a surprising situation that is impossible without inter-stage interactions. We also examine the shift in the interior Allee equilibrium caused by the occurrence of interactions between stages and find that the extinction or Allee threshold does not extend to the new boundaries set by the shift in equilibrium, i.e. no interior equilibria are on the extinction threshold.
This work is devoted to investigate the well-posedness and long-time behavior of solutions for the following nonlocal nonlinear partial differential equations in a bounded domain
Firstly, due to the lack of an upper growth restriction of the nonlinearity $f$, we have to utilize a weak compactness approach in an Orlicz space to obtain the well-posedness of weak solutions for the equations. We then establish the existence of
In this paper, the dynamics of a class of modified Leslie-Gower model with diffusion is considered. The stability of positive equilibrium and the existence of Turing-Hopf bifurcation are shown by analyzing the distribution of eigenvalues. The normal form on the centre manifold near the Turing-Hopf singularity is derived by using the method of Song et al. Finally, some numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate the analytical results. For spruce budworm model, the dynamics in the neighbourhood of the bifurcation point can be divided into six categories, each of which is exactly demonstrated by the numerical simulations. Then according to this dynamical classification, a stable spatially inhomogeneous periodic solution has been found, which can be used to explain the phenomenon of periodic outbreaks of spruce budworm.
Almost all population communities are strongly influenced by their seasonally varying living environments. We investigate the influence of seasons on populations via a periodically forced predator-prey system with a nonmonotonic functional response. We study four seasonality mechanisms via a continuation technique. When the natural death rate is periodically varied, we get six different bifurcation diagrams corresponding to different bifurcation cases of the unforced system. If the carrying capacity is periodic, two different bifurcation diagrams are obtained. Here we cannot get a "universal diagram" like the one in the periodically forced system with monotonic Holling type Ⅱ functional response; that is, the two elementary seasonality mechanisms have different effects on the population. When both the natural death rate and the carrying capacity are forced with two different seasonality mechanisms, the phenomena that arise are to some extent different. The bifurcation results also show that each seasonality mechanism can display complex dynamics such as multiple attractors including stable cycles of different periods, quasi-periodic solutions, chaos, switching between these attractors and catastrophic transitions. In addition, we give some orbits in phase space and corresponding Poincaré sections to illustrate different attractors.
In this manuscript the system of nonlinear delay differential equations
We consider the outer synchronization between drive-response systems on networks with time-varying delays, where we focus on the case when the underlying networks are not strongly connected. A hierarchical method is proposed to characterize large-scale networks without strong connectedness. The hierarchical algorithm can be implemented by some programs to overcome the difficulty resulting from the scale of networks. This method allows us to obtain two different kinds of sufficient outer synchronization criteria without the assumption of being strongly connected, by combining the theory of asymptotically autonomous systems with Lyapunov method and Kirchhoff's Matrix Tree Theorem in graph theory. The theory improves some existing results obtained by graph theory. As illustrations, the theoretic results are applied to delayed coupled oscillators and a numerical example is also given.
In this paper, we introduce and analyze a mathematical model of a viral infection with explicit age-since infection structure for infected cells. We extend previous age-structured within-host virus models by including logistic growth of target cells and allowing for absorption of multiple virus particles by infected cells. The persistence of the virus is shown to depend on the basic reproduction number
We provide the phase portraits in the Poincaré disk for all the linear type centers of polynomial Hamiltonian systems with nonlinearities of degree
Micropolar fluid and magneto-micropolar fluid systems are systems of equations with distinctive feature in its applicability and also mathematical difficulty. The purpose of this work is to follow the approach of [
We study the global asymptotic stability in probability of the zero solution of linear stochastic differential equations with constant coefficients. We develop a sum-of-squares program that verifies whether a parameterized candidate Lyapunov function is in fact a global Lyapunov function for such a system. Our class of candidate Lyapunov functions are naturally adapted to the problem. We consider functions of the form
To capture the impacts of limited medical resources and self-protection on the transmission of dengue fever, we formulate an SIS v.s. SI dengue model with the nonlinear recovery rate and contact transmission rate. The spatial heterogeneity of environment is also taken into consideration. With the aid of the relevant eigenvalue problem, we explore some properties of the basic reproduction number, and show that it still plays its "traditional" role in determining the stability of equilibria, that is, the extinction and persistence of dengue fever. Moreover, we consider a special diffusive pattern in which there is only human diffusion, but no mosquitoes diffusion, then present the explicit expression of the basic reproduction number and exhibit the corresponding transmission dynamics. This paper ends up with some numerical simulations and epidemiological explanations, which confirm our analytical findings.
The alternans of the cardiac action potential duration is a pathological rhythm. It is considered to be relating to the onset of ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac death. It is well known that, the predictive control is among the control methods that use the chaos to stabilize the unstable fixed point. Firstly, we show that alternans (or period-2 orbit) can be suppressed temporally by the predictive control of the periodic state of the system. Secondly, we determine an estimation of the size of a restricted attraction's basin of the unstable equilibrium point representing the unstable regular rhythm stabilized by the control. This result allows the application of predictive control after one beat of alternans. In particular, using predictive control of periodic dynamics, we can delay the onset of bifurcations and direct a trajectory to a desired target stationary state. Examples of the numerical results showing the stabilization of the unstable normal rhythm are given.
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